UMikhal Marek Kukhona imali enkulu ngempela eSilicon Valley, futhi ingxenye enkulu yayo iya kwisayensi nocwaningo. Inkampani engumzali yakwaGoogle i-Alphabet itshala imali ekuthuthukisweni kwezimoto ezizimele, amaphilisi okwandisa impilo kanye namarobhothi anobuso bezilwane, i-Facebook yenza intuthuko enkulu emkhakheni we-virtual reality kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, ithuthukisa ama-drones anamandla okwandisa i-inthanethi emazweni asathuthuka. , futhi i-Microsoft itshale imali eningi ezingilazini ze-holographic kanye nesofthiwe yokuhumusha ethuthukisiwe. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-IBM ekuthuthukisweni kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kwe-Watson akukwazi ukucaciswa nakho.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Apple icophelela kakhulu ngezinsiza zayo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwezesayensi nokucwaninga cishe kuncane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemali engenayo. Inkampani ka-Tim Cook itshale nje amaphesenti angu-2015 (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3,5) emalini yayo engamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-8,1 ekuthuthukisweni kwezimali zika-233. Lokhu kwenza i-Apple inkampani, ngokwemibandela, etshala imali encane ekuthuthukisweni kwazo zonke izinkampani ezinkulu zaseMelika. Ukuze uqhathanise, kuhle ukuqaphela ukuthi i-Facebook itshale amaphesenti angu-21 enzuzo (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2,6), umkhiqizi we-chip u-Qualcomm iphesenti elingaphezulu ($ 5,6 billion), kanye ne-Alphabet Holding 15% ($9,2 billion) ocwaningweni.
Endaweni lapho i-Apple isebenza khona, izinkampani eziningi zikholelwa ukuthi uma zingatshali ingxenye enkulu yemali engenayo ekuthuthukisweni okwengeziwe, ngokwemvelo zizodlulwa umncintiswano. Kodwa e-Cupertino, abakaze babambe le filosofi, futhi kakade ngo-1998 uSteve Jobs wathi "izinto ezintsha azihlangene nokuthi mangaki amadola onawo ngesayensi nocwaningo". Kwinothi elihlobene, umsunguli we-Apple uthande ukuveza ukuthi ngenkathi kwethulwa iMac, i-IBM yayichitha amakhulu ezikhathi ocwaningweni kune-Apple.
Ngaphansi kukaTim Cook, i-Apple ithembele kakhulu kubahlinzeki bayo, okuthi, ekulweleni ama-oda amakhulu e-Apple, baqhudelane ukunikeza inkampani kaCook. Ukuhlomisa i-iPhone yesikhathi esizayo nge-chip yayo, isibonisi noma i-flash yekhamera kuwumbono okhuthaza kakhulu. Ngonyaka odlule, i-Apple ithengise ama-iPhones ayizigidi ezingama-230 futhi yathembisa ukusebenzisa imali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-29,5 zamarandi ezingxenyeni ezinjengama-chips, izibonisi namalensi ekhamera ezinyangeni eziyishumi nambili ezizayo, okukhuphuke ku-$5 billion kusukela ngonyaka odlule.
“Abathengisi bayalwa bodwa ukuze bawine inkontileka yakwa-Apple, futhi ingxenye yaleyo mpi ichitha imali eningi kwezesayensi nokucwaninga,” kusho uRam Mudambi wase-Temple University e-Philadelphia, ocwaninga ngempumelelo yezinkampani ezisebenzisa imali encane ku-R&D.
Kodwa-ke, i-Apple iyazi ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthembela kuphela kubahlinzeki, futhi phakathi neminyaka emithathu edlule ikhulise kakhulu izindleko zayo zokuthuthukiswa. Ngo-2015, izindleko ezinjalo zafinyelela kumadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-8,1 kakade. Ngonyaka owedlule, bekungamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-6 kuphela, futhi ngo-2013 ngisho namadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-4,5 kuphela. Olunye lwamanani amakhulu ocwaningo luye lwangena ekuthuthukisweni kwama-semiconductors, okubonakala ku-chip ye-A9/A9X eshumekwe kuma-iPhone 6s naku-iPad Pro. Le chip iyona eshesha kakhulu enikezwa yimakethe yamanje.
Ukuvimbela okuhlobene kwe-Apple endaweni yokutshalwa kwezimali okukhudlwana kufakazelwa nezindleko zokukhangisa. Nakule ndawo, i-Apple iyonga ngendlela emangalisayo. Ezigabeni ezine zokugcina, i-Apple yachitha ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3,5 ekukhangiseni, kuyilapho i-Google yachitha amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-8,8 ngekota engaphansi.
UTim Swift, uprofesa kwenye iNyuvesi yasePhiladelphia yaseSt. Joseph, uphawula ukuthi imali echithwa ocwaningweni iyamoshwa uma umkhiqizo ungaphumi elebhu. “Imikhiqizo ye-Apple ihambisana nokumaketha okusebenzayo nokuyinkimbinkimbi kwesake sakubona. Lesi yisizathu sesibili esenza i-Apple ibe yinkampani ekhiqiza kakhulu ngokwezindleko zocwaningo.”
Hhayi-ke, angazi, lesi sihloko, kuhlanganise nesihloko, sizwakala singenathemba (ngokwemibandela yokutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni), kodwa kubonakala kimi ukuthi i-Apple isendaweni yesibili ... akukubi kangako. Ngicabanga ukuthi izinombolo eziphelele zisho kakhulu kunezinombolo ezihlobene. Uma kungenjalo, ukuze kuqhathaniswe kangcono, kungase kube okufanelekile ukuqhathanisa amanani ahlobene futhi - esimweni se-Apple, amaphesenti enzuzo anikezwa, kanti kwabanye, amaphesenti emali engenayo. Kuyamangaza ukuthi i-Apple ngokwayo itshala imali ephindwe izikhathi ezingama-20 ocwaningweni kunayo yonke i-Czech Republic (ngokwesabelomali soMnyango Wezemfundo Namasiko).
Amaphesenti enzuzo (=imali engenayo) anikezwa zonke izinkampani. Inzuzo ayishiwo ndawo esihlokweni.
Uxolo, hhayi inzuzo, kodwa ukwamukela... Uma uhumusha ithuba njengokwamukela (okuyinto ehlala ithathwa njengento embi, ngoba kukhona isivuno "esiphelele"), kulungile.
ungathanda ukusho izizathu zalokhu kuziphatha ngokuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwentela? I-Apple ikhokha cishe lutho noma lutho ngezintela ngenxa yendlunkulu yayo e-Ireland, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo akekho :) ngakho inzuzo ihlala yonke inzuzo. (lokhu kuyathandeka kubanikazi besitoko)
Ezinye izinkampani zingase zinyuse izindleko ukuze kwehliswe isisekelo sentela. Kuyithuba lokukhwabanisa imali kancane, kodwa vele izinkampani ezimbalwa ziveza amakhadi mayelana nesakhiwo sezindleko, ingasaphathwa imininingwane yendawo ebucayi njenge-R&D.
Imisebenzi isho njalo. Ungaphonsa u-10 billion ekuthuthukiseni umbhedo ongenamsebenzi futhi ngeke ukuthole lutho. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, utshala i-1 bhiliyoni entweni enengqondo ezokwandisa ukuthengisa kwakho futhi ikwenzele ingcebo. Izimoto ezizimele? Mhlawumbe eminyakeni engu-30. Okungokoqobo okubonakalayo? Ukutholakala kwenqwaba uziro lutho. Izibuko ze-Holographic? Into yabashisekeli abambalwa. Kodwa i-Touch Force, isibonelo, into ezokwenza ukuthi usebenzise imiqhele ye-25 kumakhalekhukhwini omusha. Futhi ukucwaninga amandla e-Touch kubiza ingxenyana yalokho okwenziwa ukwakhiwa kwe-virtual reality shit. Ukuthela imali ocwaningweni lombhedo ongathengisiwe akuwona ubuciko. Ukuba nombono nokuqonda ukuthi yini okufanele uyitshale kuyi-kumšt. Umbuzo uthi ngabe ubuholi bamanje be-Apple buzoqhubeka nokuba nombono ngokwanele.
"Kodwa i-Touch Force, isibonelo, into ezokwenza ukuthi uchithe imiqhele ye-25 kumakhalekhukhwini omusha."
Umhlaba usushintshile, ... :oD
Uqinisile, iTouch Force ikhiqiza inzuzo enkulu. Kodwa mina ngokwami ngibona umqondo owengeziwe ekuthuthukisweni ugxile ezintweni ezingokoqobo noma ezimotweni ezizimele. Akuzona zonke izinto ezinengqondo okufanele zibe yizindaba ezinkulu.
Isivumelwano. I-Touch Force ayizange ingithande, kunalokho ngibheke phambili ekusungulweni kwangempela kwezobuchwepheshe. USteve akasekho, u-Apple ubuyela ebuthongweni.
Kumayelana nendlela ofuna ukuyibona ngayo into. Uma ufuna ukumbona ebomvana, njengamanje, mbona kanjalo. Omunye umuntu unombono onengqondo ngokwengeziwe ngakho. Uma ithiyori engenhla ibisebenza, ngakho-ke sonke sihlala sigibela inqola edonswa amahhashi futhi sibizana ngamathini amabili axhunywe ngentambo. Sibonga intuthuko, siya phambili. Konke ukumaketha. Uma uthola umhlambi omkhulu ngokwanele wabathengi abangahle, uzothengisa noma yini. Imisebenzi ingenye nje iHorst Fuchs. Isibonelo esijwayelekile iphaneli ye-Retina. Kukhona okusha? Hhayi i-Vunec. Iphaneli wonke umuntu ayenayo, futhi ngesikhathi esithile kangcono nakakhulu. Ku-Apple, kwakuyigama lokuhweba kuphela ngaleso sikhathi ngaphandle kwephaneli. Kodwa ukwazile ukuyithengisa njengesici esiphezulu somkhiqizo wakhe, njengoba kwenza uHorst ngobuchwepheshe beNASA. Yayinjani Imisebenzi? Usomabhizinisi ohlakaniphile othole kuphela amakhasimende angazi lutho, njengo-Horst. Kungani ezotshala imali kwezentuthuko? Uzobe eyisilima kanti akunjalo. Ubengeyena nje umbonisi wezobuchwepheshe, njengoba echazwa ngendlela exakile, kodwa eyibhizinisi.