U-Vratislav Holub Ngenkathi i-Apple yethula i-chip entsha ye-M1 Ultra ngesonto eledlule, ikwazile ukuheha ukunakwa okuningi, hhayi nje kubasebenzisi be-Apple uqobo. Le chipset inikeza ukusebenza okumangalisayo ngokusetshenziswa okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa. Lokhu inguquko ethokozisayo emhlabeni wama-arm chips. Ngokusho kolwazi oluhlukahlukene, kuyabonakala futhi ukuthi i-Apple ingaqhubeka iphindaphinde lokhu kusebenza futhi ngokwethiyori ilethe amakhompyutha anamandla kakhulu. Ingabe umdondoshiya we-Cupertino uthole iresiphi ecatshangelwayo yama-chips anamandla amakhulu, noma maduze nje izohlangabezana nokulinganiselwa kobuchwepheshe? Abalimi abaningi bama-apula njengamanje bayaqagela ngalokhu.
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Pavel Jelic Ingabe i-Apple iwunyathela phansi umncintiswano wayo?
I-M1 Ultra ayinakungabaza mayelana nokusebenza futhi inikeza okuthile abasebenzisi bohlelo lwe-Apple ababengakwazi ngisho nokukuphupha eminyakeni emibili edlule. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi nalokhu i-Apple ngokuqinisekile ayidluli, isibonelo, inkampani encintisanayo ye-AMD, eye yasebenza ngokukhethekile ekuthuthukisweni kwamaphrosesa namakhadi wehluzo iminyaka eminingi. Lapha sihlangabezana nomehluko obalulekile endleleni esiphatha ngayo. Ngenkathi i-Apple yakha ama-chips ayo kulokho okubizwa nge-architecture ye-ARM, okuvame kakhulu omakhalekhukhwini, i-AMD/Intel incike ekwakhiweni kwe-x86 endala. Ibusa izimakethe zanamuhla futhi inikezela ngezinketho ezengeziwe ngokuya ngokusebenza, okulandela kulokho esinakho manje emakethe. Akudingekile ukuthi kube amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaphrosesa.
Kodwa-ke, i-Apple iya ku-SoC noma Uhlelo kumzila we-Chip, lapho zonke izingxenye ezidingekayo ziku-chip eyodwa. Noma ngabe, ngokwesibonelo, i-Apple A15 Bionic, i-M1 noma i-M1 Ultra, ngaphandle kwephrosesa, sihlala sithola iphrosesa yezithombe, inkumbulo ehlanganisiwe, i-Neural Engine yokusebenza ngokufunda komshini kanye nenani lezinye izingxenye ezingaqinisekisa. ukusebenza kahle kweminye imisebenzi. Le ndlela ingase ibe ngcono ngokuya nge-throughput yedatha, kodwa umsebenzisi akakwazi ukungenela noma ayilungise nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ngamasethi e-PC yakudala, le nkinga iyanyamalala, njengoba kwanele (ngokusho kwebhodi lomama) ukukhetha iphrosesa entsha, ihluzo noma ikhadi lokuhlela, njll.
Ama-Supercomputers avela ku-Apple
Kodwa ake sibuyele esihlokweni ngokwaso, okungukuthi ukuthi i-Apple iyitholile ngempela yini iresiphi yamakhompyutha anamandla amakhulu. Ekupheleni konyaka odlule, baqala ukusabalala kuyi-Internet izindaba ezithakazelisayo kakhulu mayelana chip M1 Max, bese kuba ucezu olungcono kakhulu/olunamandla kakhulu lochungechunge lwe-Apple Silicon. Ochwepheshe baqaphele ukuthi lawa ma-chips aklanywe ngendlela yokuthi angakwazi ukuxhunyaniswa ndawonye ukuze anikeze ukusebenza okuphindwe kabili. Yilokho kanye inkampani ye-apula eyaphumelela kukho, futhi konke ukuqagela kwaqinisekiswa ngokufika kwe-M1 Ultra. I-chip ye-M1 Ultra isuselwe kubuchwepheshe obusha be-UltraFusion, okwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuxhuma ama-chips amabili e-M1 Max ndawonye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubukeka njengengxenye eyodwa phambi kwesistimu, okuwukhiye ngokuphelele.
I-M1 Ultra idalwe ngokuxhuma ama-chips amabili e-M1 Max
Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, nokho, kwaba nezinkulumo zokuthi kwakungenzeka ukuxhuma ama-chips amane ngale ndlela. Nakuba singenayo into efanayo okwamanje, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukushintshela ku-Apple Silicon ngokwethiyori akukaqedi. Ziyanda izinkulumo mayelana nokufika kweMac Pro entsha, engathuthuka ngale ndlela. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ikhompuyutha izohlinzeka ngephrosesa engu-40-core, i-GPU engu-128-core, kufika ku-256 GB yememori ehlanganisiwe kanye ne-64-core Neural Engine. Nokho, ukuthi idivayisi enjalo izofika ngempela akukacaci.
Ukuqinisekiswa okuyingxenye kwalokhu kuqagela kuletha imibono eminingana ethokozisayo kubalimi bama-apula. Imibono iyaqala ukuvela ngokuthi ngabe bonke lobu buchwepheshe bungaqhutshekelwa phambili kancane futhi, ngokombono, buye bakhe i-supercomputer engadalwa ngokuxhuma ama-chips ambalwa ndawonye. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi lokhu kuwukuqagela nje, ukugcwaliseka kwakho okungathatha umsebenzi omningi ngempela. Nakuba ukuxhuma ama-chips kungenakwenzeka ngokuphelele, akuwona umsebenzi olula, njengoba ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye ngazinye kufanele kuxazululwe. Mayelana nalokhu, i-M1 Ultra etholakalayo njengamanje incike ekuxhumekeni kwamasiginali angaphezu kwe-10, ngenxa yokuthi i-chip iziqhayisa ngokuphuma kwe-2,5 TB ngomzuzwana. Ukupakisha ama-chips amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa kungaletha izinkinga eziningi kunezinzuzo, ikakhulukazi ngalezi zivinini. Njengamanje, umbuzo uwukuthi i-Apple izohambisa kude kangakanani yonke iphrojekthi yayo ye-Apple Silicon, nokuthi izogcina ishanelwe yini ukuncintisana ngokwakhiwa kwe-x86 okuzinzile. Nokho, akunandaba. Izizukulwane ezimbalwa ezizayo cishe zizosimangaza kakhulu, ngoba ngaphandle kwalokho i-Apple ibingeke iluqale lolu shintsho oluyisisekelo.
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Ngokuyisisekelo akuyona into entsha. Bona i-Playstation ene-Cell processor, noma i-Ryzens evela ku-AMD. Lapho, ngokuyisisekelo, ama-processor amabili abambelele ndawonye futhi anohlobo oluthile lwebhasi elivamile. Ukuvama kwayo kuncike kubuningi be-RAM, ngakho-ke umsebenzisi angathola amaphesenti ambalwa okusebenza okwengeziwe uma ethenga i-RAM engcono. I-Apple ayizange isungule lutho olusha