I-Apple ifuna kulawulwe ubuhlakani bokwenziwa

Umkhakha wezobuchwepheshe usongelwa izici eziningi. Abasebenzisi besaba, isibonelo, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha noma ukulahlekelwa ubumfihlo. Kodwa ngokusho kwabantu abanethonya embonini yezobuchwepheshe, akufanele sikhathazeke kakhulu ngesici somuntu ngokwaso, kodwa kunalokho ukuxhumana kwayo nobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Emhlanganweni walo nyaka weWorld Economic Forum eDavos, abaphathi bezinkampani eziningi ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe banxuse ukuthi kube nokulawulwa okusemthethweni kwemboni. Yiziphi izizathu zokwenza kanjalo?

“I-Artificial intelligence ingenye yezinto ezijule kakhulu esisebenza kuzo singabantu. Inokujula kunomlilo noma ugesi,” kusho i-CEO ye-Alphabet Inc. ngoLwesithathu olwedlule e-World Economic Forum. Sundar Photosi, enezela ukuthi ukulawulwa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kudinga uhlaka lokucubungula lomhlaba wonke. Umqondisi weMicrosoft uSatya Nadella kanye nomqondisi we-IBM uGinni Rometty nabo bafuna ukuthi kumiswe imithetho ephathelene nokusetshenziswa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Ngokusho kukaNadella, namuhla, eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu edlule, kuyadingeka ukuthi i-United States, i-China kanye ne-European Union imise imithetho enquma ukubaluleka kobuhlakani bokwenziwa emphakathini wethu kanye nomhlaba wonke.

Imizamo yezinkampani ngazinye yokusungula eyazo imithetho yokuziphatha kwezobunhloli bokwenziwa esikhathini esidlule ihlangabezane nemibhikisho hhayi kuphela evela kubasebenzi balezi zinkampani. Isibonelo, i-Google kwadingeka ihoxise ngo-2018 ohlelweni lukahulumeni oluyimfihlo i-Project Maven, eyasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuhlaziya izithombe ezivela kuma-drones ezempi, ngemuva kokuhlehla okukhulu. Mayelana nezingxabano eziphathelene nesimilo ezizungeze ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, uStefan Heumann wesikhungo sokucwaninga esizinze eBerlin i-Stiftung Neue Verantwortung uthi izinhlangano zezombusazwe, hhayi izinkampani ngokwazo, kufanele zibeke imithetho.

Isipikha esihlakaniphile se-Google Home sisebenzisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa

Igagasi lamanje lemibhikisho ephikisana nobuhlakani bokwenziwa linesizathu esicacile salesi sikhathi. Emasontweni ambalwa nje, i-European Union kufanele iguqule izinhlelo zayo zomthetho ofanele. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise, isibonelo, imithethonqubo ephathelene nokuthuthukiswa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi imikhakha engcuphe kakhulu njengokunakekelwa kwezempilo noma ezokuthutha. Ngokwemithetho emisha, isibonelo, izinkampani kuzofanele zibhale phansi ohlakeni lokubeka izinto obala ukuthi zakha kanjani izinhlelo zazo ze-AI.

Ngokuphathelene nobuhlakani bokufakelwa, amahlazo amaningana asevele avela esikhathini esidlule - enye yazo, isibonelo, indaba yeCambridge Analytica. Enkampanini yase-Amazon, abasebenzi balalele abasebenzisi ngomsizi wedijithali u-Alexa, kwathi ehlobo langonyaka odlule, kwaqubuka ihlazo futhi ngenxa yokuthi inkampani i-Google - noma inkundla ye-YouTube - iqoqe idatha ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyishumi nantathu. ngaphandle kwemvume yabazali.

Nakuba ezinye izinkampani zithule ngalesi sihloko, ngokusho kwesitatimende sephini likamongameli uNicola Mendelsohn, i-Facebook isanda kusungula imithetho yayo, efana nomthetho we-European GDPR. UMendelsohn esitatimendeni uthe lokhu kuwumphumela wokuphusha kukaFacebook ukuthi kube nokulawulwa umhlaba wonke. U-Keith Enright, ophethe ubumfihlo kwa-Google, uthe engqungqutheleni yakamuva e-Brussels ukuthi inkampani okwamanje ibheka izindlela zokunciphisa inani ledatha yomsebenzisi okudingeka iqoqwe. "Kodwa isimangalo esandile ukuthi izinkampani ezinjengezethu zizama ukuqoqa idatha eningi ngangokunokwenzeka," waphinde wathi, wengeza ukuthi ukubamba idatha engabambisi noma yiliphi inani kuyingozi.

Abalawuli ababonakali bekubukela phansi ukuvikelwa kwedatha yomsebenzisi kunoma yisiphi isimo. I-United States okwamanje isebenza ngomthetho wombuso ofana ne-GDPR. Ngokusekelwe kuzo, izinkampani kuzodingeka zithole imvume kumakhasimende azo ukuze zinikeze idatha yazo kwabanye abantu.

Umthombo: Bloomberg