Ondrej Holzman I-Apple ifake icala ngesonto eledlule ngokumelene neQualcomm, umphakeli wayo wama-chip enethiwekhi, ifuna u-$1 billion. Kuyicala eliyinkimbinkimbi elihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obungenawaya, izinkokhelo nezivumelwano phakathi kwe-Qualcomm namakhasimende ayo, kodwa futhi libonisa ukuthi kungani, isibonelo, i-MacBooks ingenayo i-LTE.
I-Qualcomm ithola ingxenye enkulu yemali engenayo emalini yokukhiqiza ama-chip kanye nezimali zamalayisense, enezinkulungwane zazo kwiphothifoliyo yayo. Emakethe yelungelo lobunikazi, i-Qualcomm ihamba phambili kukho kokubili ubuchwepheshe be-3G kanye ne-4G, obusetshenziselwa amazinga ahlukahlukene kumadivayisi amaningi eselula.
Abakhiqizi abathengi nje ama-chips e-Qualcomm, kodwa futhi kufanele bawakhokhele iqiniso lokuthi bangasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bayo, ngokuvamile obudingekayo ekusebenzeni kwamanethiwekhi eselula. Okunqumayo kulesi sigaba ukuthi i-Qualcomm ibala izimali zelayisensi ngokusekelwe enanini eliphelele ledivayisi lapho ubuchwepheshe bayo butholakala khona.
Ama-iPhones abiza kakhulu, imali eyengeziwe ye-Qualcomm
Odabeni lwe-Apple, lokhu kusho ukuthi uma kubiza kakhulu i-iPhone noma i-iPad yayo, i-Qualcomm izoyikhokhisa kakhulu. Noma yikuphi okusha, okufana ne-Touch ID noma amakhamera amasha anezela inani lefoni, akhuphula imali okufanele i-Apple iyikhokhe ku-Qualcomm. Futhi ngokuvamile nentengo yomkhiqizo yekhasimende lokugcina.
Kodwa-ke, i-Qualcomm isebenzisa isikhundla sayo ngokunikeza isinxephezelo esithile sezezimali kumakhasimende okuthi, ngaphezu kobuchwepheshe bayo, aphinde asebenzise ama-chips ayo emikhiqizweni yawo, ukuze angakhokhi "kabili". Futhi lapha sifika ekutheni kungani i-Apple imangalela i-Qualcomm ngamadola ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
Ngokusho kwe-Apple, u-Qualcomm uyekile ukukhokha lesi “saphulelo sekota” ekwindla edlule futhi manje ukweleta u-Apple amadola ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane. Kodwa-ke, lesi saphulelo esishiwo ngenhla sihlobene neminye imibandela yenkontileka, phakathi kwayo ukuthi amakhasimende e-Qualcomm nawo ngeke abambisane nanoma yiluphi uphenyo oluphikisana nayo.
Ngonyaka odlule, nokho, i-Apple yaqala ukusebenzisana ne-American Trade Commission FTC, eyayiphenya imikhuba ye-Qualcomm, ngakho u-Qualcomm wayeka ukukhokha izaphulelo ku-Apple. Uphenyo olufanayo lusanda kwenziwa ngokumelene neQualcomm eSouth Korea, lapho yahlawuliswa izigidi ezingu-853 zamaRandi ngokwephula umthetho wokungathembeki kanye nokuvimbela ukuncintisana ekufinyeleleni amalungelo ayo obunikazi.
Izikweletu ezigidini
Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, uQualcomm bekunguye yedwa umphakeli we-Apple, kodwa lapho inkontileka ekhethekile isiphelelwe yisikhathi, u-Apple wanquma ukubheka kwenye indawo. Ngakho-ke, ama-chips afanayo angenantambo avela ku-Intel atholakala cishe engxenyeni ye-iPhone 7 ne-7 Plus. Nokho, i-Qualcomm isakhokhisa izimali zayo ngoba ithatha ngokuthi noma iyiphi i-chip engenantambo isebenzisa amalungelo obunikazi amaningi.
Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kweNingizimu Korea, isu le-Qualcomm elinenzuzo kakhulu elinemali yelayisensi nalo lihlaselwa yi-American FTC kanye ne-Apple, inkampani enkulu yaseSan Diego engayithandi. Ibhizinisi elinemali yelayisensi linenzuzo enkulu kakhulu kunokukhiqiza ama-chips. Ngenkathi uphiko lwasebukhosini luthumele inzuzo yangaphambi kwentela engama- $ 7,6 billion emalini engenayo engama- $ 6,5 billion ngonyaka owedlule, i-Qualcomm ikwazile ukwenza “kuphela” ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1,8 emalini engenayo engaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingama-15 zama-chips.
I-Qualcomm ivikela ukuthi imikhuba yayo imane ihlanekezelwa yi-Apple ukuze ikhokhe kancane ngobuchwepheshe bayo obubalulekile. Ummeleli wezomthetho wakwaQualcomm, uDon Rosenberg, waze wasola u-Apple ngokugqugquzela uphenyo lokulawula ngokumelene nenkampani yakhe emhlabeni jikelele. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-FTC manje ayineme ngokuthi i-Qualcomm yenqabe i-Intel, i-Samsung nabanye abazame ukuxoxisana nayo ngokuqondile ngemibandela yelayisensi ukuze bakwazi nokwenza ama-chips eselula.
Phela, leli yisu i-Qualcomm esalisebenzisa, isibonelo, ebuhlotsheni ne-Apple, lapho ingaxoxisana ngezimali zelayisensi ngokuqondile, kodwa nabahlinzeki bayo (isibonelo, i-Foxconn). I-Apple igcina ixoxisana ngezinkontileka eziseceleni ne-Qualcomm, lapho isikhokhelwa isaphulelo esishiwo ngenhla njengesinxephezelo sezimali ezikhokhwa i-Apple ku-Qualcomm ngeFoxconn nabanye abahlinzeki.
I-MacBook ene-LTE izobiza kakhulu
Isikhulu esiphezulu se-Apple uTim Cook uthe nakanjani akafuni amacala afanayo, kodwa endabeni ye-Qualcomm, inkampani yakhe ayiboni enye indlela ngaphandle kokuvula icala. Ngokusho kukaCook, imali yobukhosi isifana nesitolo esikukhokhisa ngosofa ngokuya ngokuthi uyifake kuyiphi indlu.
Isikhulu esiphezulu se-Apple u-Tim Cook ecaleni le-Qualcomm: “Bekuyindlela yokugcina, kodwa asizange sibone enye indlela. Babefuna enye imali ngaphandle kwesizathu.” pic.twitter.com/zuwSSzUb10
- Jablíčkář.cz (@Jablickar) February 1, 2017
Akucaci ukuthi icala lizoqhubeka kanjani nokuthi lizoba nomthelela obalulekile kuyo yonke imboni ye-chip nobuchwepheshe. Kodwa-ke, udaba lwezimali zelayisensi lusikhombisa kahle isizathu esisodwa sokuthi kungani, ngokwesibonelo, i-Apple ingakazami ukuhlomisa ama-MacBooks ayo ngama-chips amaselula ukuze kwamukelwe i-LTE. Njengoba i-Qualcomm ibala izimali ezikhokhwayo enanini eliphelele lomkhiqizo, lokhu kungasho inkokhiso eyengeziwe emananini avele aphezulu e-MacBooks, ikhasimende okuyodingeka liwakhokhe okungenani ingxenye yawo.
Ama-MacBook ane-slot ye-SIM khadi (noma namuhla anekhadi elibonakalayo elididiyelwe) bekulokhu kukhulunywa ngawo ngokuqhubekayo iminyaka eminingana. Nakuba i-Apple inikeza indlela elula yokwabelana ngedatha yeselula ku-Mac kusuka ku-iPhone noma i-iPad, ukungadluli entweni enjalo ngokuvamile kungaba usizo kubasebenzisi abaningi.
Kungumbuzo wokuthi isidingo singaba phezulu kangakanani kumodeli onjalo, kodwa amakhompyutha afanayo noma ama-hybrids (ithebhulethi/incwajana yokubhalela) enoxhumo lweselula aqala ukubonakala emakethe, futhi kuzothakazelisa ukubona ukuthi ayazuza yini. Isibonelo, kubantu abahlale besohambweni futhi badinga i-inthanethi ngomsebenzi, isixazululo esinjalo singaba lula kunokukhipha i-iPhone njalo nge-hotspot yomuntu siqu.
