Vala isikhangiso

Amehlo omhlaba wezobuchwepheshe manje aseNyuvesi yaseMichigan, lapho ithimba lochwepheshe lenze uhlobo olusha lwebhethri elishajekayo elingabamba amandla aphindwe kabili kunalawo amanje. Esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, singalindela ama-smartphones anokukhuthazela okuphindwe kabili, kodwa nezimoto zikagesi ezinobubanzi obungaphezu kwamakhilomitha angu-900 ngeshaji eyodwa.

Umqondo omusha webhethri ubizwa nge-Sakti3 futhi kubukeka sengathi ubuchwepheshe obunamandla amaningi. Lokhu kufakazelwa yiqiniso lokuthi inkampani yaseBrithani iDyson, ekhiqiza ama-vacuum cleaners, itshale izigidi ezingu-15 zamaRandi kulo msebenzi. Izinkampani ezifana noGeneral Motors, Khosla Ventures nezinye nazo zinikele ngemali encane kwaSakti3. Njengengxenye yesivumelwano sokutshala izimali, uDyson naye waqala ukubamba iqhaza ngokuqondile ekuthuthukisweni.

Ubuchwepheshe bebhethri bungesinye sezithiyo ezinkulu ekuvuthweni kwamadivayisi aphathwayo anamuhla. Ngenkathi i-hardware engena kumakhompyutha, amaphilisi kanye nomakhalekhukhwini ithuthuka ngokushesha, amabhethri e-lithium awashintshile kangako kusukela asungulwa yinkampani yaseJapan i-Sony ngo-1991. Nakuba impilo yabo yesevisi ithuthukile futhi isikhathi sabo sokushaja sinciphile, inani lamandla elingagcinwa kuzo alizange likhule kakhulu.

Iqhinga ososayensi abavela eNyuvesi yaseMichigan abazuze ngalo ukuqamba okusha kusekwe ekwakhiweni kwama-electrode. Esikhundleni sengxube yamakhemikhali awuketshezi, ibhethri le-Sakti3 lisebenzisa ama-electrode e-lithium asesimweni esiqinile, okuthiwa angakwazi ukugcina ngaphezu kwe-1 kWh yamandla ilitha elilodwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amabhethri e-lithium-ion avamile afinyelela ku-0,6 kWh ilitha ngalinye lapho egcina amandla.

Ngakho-ke, amadivaysi asebenzisa ibhethri elinjalo anganikeza ubuncane, isisindo esincane kanye nokukhuthazela okude ngesikhathi esifanayo. Angagcina amandla acishe aphindwe kabili kusayizi webhethri ofanayo. Ngale ndlela, ngeke kube nenkinga enzima yokuthi wenze idivayisi efana ne-iPhone ibe mncane, noma ubeke umklamo ku-burner yangemuva futhi unikeze ukukhetha ukuqina.

Ngokusho kososayensi, amabhethri akhiqizwa ngokuvumelana nobuchwepheshe obusha kufanele futhi abe ishibhile ukukhiqiza, abe nesikhathi eside sokuphila futhi, okokugcina, futhi angabi yingozi kakhulu. Amabhethri anama-electrode angashintshi, isibonelo, awathwali ubungozi bokuqhuma, njengoba kwenzeka ngamabhethri awuketshezi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubungozi bokuphepha bungenye yezithiyo ezinkulu ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe obusha bebhethri. Siphatha amabhethri okukhulunywa ngawo eduze nomzimba ngangokunokwenzeka.

Isivumelwano sokutshala izimali phakathi kososayensi kanye nenkampani ye-Dyson siqinisekisa ukuthi amabhethri amasha azoqala ukungena emikhiqizweni yenkampani yaseBrithani. Ngakho-ke abathwali bokuhlola bobuchwepheshe obusha bazoba ngabahlanzi be-robotic vacuum nabahlanzi. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe kufanele kudlulele ngalé kokuhlanza kwe-hi-tech.

Umthombo: The Guardian
Photo: iFixit

 

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