UFiliphu Novotny Ikilasi lesikole samabanga aphansi lapho izincwadi zokufunda eziphrintiwe zingasenayo indawo, kodwa wonke umfundi unethebhulethi noma ikhompuyutha phambi kwabo enazo zonke izinto ezisetshenziswayo abangaba nentshisekelo kuzo. Lona umbono okukhulunywa ngawo kakhulu, izikole kanye nabafundi bangawamukela, kancane kancane uba ngokoqobo phesheya, kodwa ohlelweni lwezemfundo lwaseCzech alukaqaliswa. Kungani?
Lo mbuzo ubuzwe iphrojekthi ye-Flexibook 1:1 yenkampani yokushicilela iFraus. Inkampani, eyayingeyokuqala eyathatha isinqumo (enamazinga ahlukene empumelelo kanye nekhwalithi) ukushicilela izincwadi zokufunda ngendlela yokuxoxisana, ihlole ukwethulwa kwamaphilisi ezikoleni eziyi-16 unyaka owodwa ngosizo lwabalingani bezentengiselwano nohulumeni.
Isamba sabafundi abangama-528 nothisha abangama-65 bebanga lesibili lezikole zamabanga aphansi kanye nezindawo zokuzivocavoca zeminyaka eminingi babambe iqhaza kulo msebenzi. Esikhundleni sezincwadi zokufunda zakudala, abafundi bathole ama-iPads anezincwadi ezingezwe ngezithombe, amagrafu, ividiyo, umsindo nezixhumanisi zamawebhusayithi engeziwe. Izibalo, isiCzech nomlando kwakufundiswa kusetshenziswa amaphilisi.
Futhi njengoba ucwaningo oluhambisana ne-National Institute of Education luthole, i-iPad ingasiza ngempela ekufundiseni. Ohlelweni lokuhlola, wakwazi ukujabulisa abafundi ngisho nangesifundo esasinedumela elibi njengesiCzech. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa la maphilisi, abafundi bawunikeza ibanga lika-2,4. Ngemuva kokuphela kwephrojekthi, bayinikeze ibanga elingcono kakhulu le-1,5. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, othisha nabo bangabalandeli bobuchwepheshe besimanje, ngokugcwele u-75% wabahlanganyeli abasafuni ukubuyela ezincwadini zokufunda eziphrintiwe futhi bangazincoma kozakwabo.
Kubukeka sengathi incwadi yefa isohlangothini lwabafundi nothisha, othishanhloko bakwazile ukuxhasa lo msebenzi ngokuzibophezela kwabo kanti ucwaningo luveze imiphumela emihle. Pho yini inkinga? Ngokomshicileli uJiří Fraus, ngisho nezikole ngokwazo zisesiphithiphithini esiphathelene nokwethulwa kobuchwepheshe besimanje kwezemfundo. Kunokuntuleka komqondo wokuxhasa ngezimali iphrojekthi, ukuqeqeshwa kothisha kanye nesizinda sobuchwepheshe.
Okwamanje, isibonelo, akucaci ukuthi uhulumeni, umsunguli, isikole noma abazali kufanele bakhokhe izinsiza zokufundisa ezintsha. "Sithole imali emalini yaseYurophu, enye yakhokhelwa umsunguli wethu, okungukuthi idolobha," kusho uthishanhloko kwesinye sezikole ezibambe iqhaza. Khona-ke uxhaso kufanele luhlelwe ngokucophelela ngabanye, futhi izikole zijeziswa ngempela ngemizamo yazo yokusungula izinto ezintsha.
Ezikoleni ezingaphandle kwedolobha, ngisho nento ebonakala isobala njengokwethula i-inthanethi emakilasini ngokuvamile ingaba yinkinga. Ngemuva kokuphoxeka nge-inthanethi ewubudlabha yezikole, akukho okungamangaza ngakho. Kuyimfihlo esobala ukuthi iphrojekthi ye-INDOŠ empeleni beyiwumhubhe wenkampani yasekhaya ye-IT, eyaletha izinkinga eziningi esikhundleni sezinzuzo obekulindelekile futhi ayisasetshenziswa. Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlola, ezinye izikole zahlela ukwethulwa kwe-inthanethi ngokwazo, kuyilapho ezinye zazingafuni nhlobo ubuchwepheshe besimanje.
Ngakho-ke kuzoba umbuzo wepolitiki ikakhulukazi ukuthi eminyakeni ezayo kuzokwazi yini ukusungula uhlelo oluphelele oluzovumela izikole (noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi igunya) ukusebenzisa amaphilisi namakhompyutha ngendlela ephusile ekufundiseni. Ngaphezu kokucacisa ngoxhaso lwezimali, kumele kucaciswe inqubo yokugunyazwa kwezincwadi zokufunda ezisebenza ngogesi, nokuthutheleka kothisha nakho kuzobaluleka. "Kuyadingeka ukuthi kusetshenzwe kakhudlwana nayo kakade ku-pedagogical faculties," kusho uPetr Bannert, umqondisi womkhakha wezemfundo eMnyangweni Wezemfundo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, nokho, wengeza ukuthi ngeke alindele ukuqaliswa kuze kube ngu-2019. Noma ngisho no-2023.
Kuyamangaza ukuthi kwezinye izikole zakwamanye amazwe kuhambe ngokushesha kakhulu futhi izinhlelo ze-1-on-1 sezivele zisebenza ngokujwayelekile. Futhi hhayi kuphela emazweni anjenge-United States noma iDenmark, kodwa naseNingizimu Melika Uruguay, isibonelo. Ngeshwa, ezweni, izinto ezihamba phambili zezombusazwe zilele kwenye indawo kunemfundo.
Nonke niyicabanga njengempi yaseHurvínek. Ukumane ubeke amaphilisi esikhundleni sezincwadi zokufunda akunancazelo evamile. Umqondo walokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukufunda okuhlakaniphile ngendlela ephelele uyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi uyabiza. Akukhona nje ngokuthenga amaphilisi kanye nokulayisha izincwadi zokufunda kuwo ngendlela yokuxhumana. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, uthisha kufanele abe nethebhulethi/incwajana yokubhalela enohlobo oluthile lwesicelo sikathisha, lapho akwazi khona ukulawula amaphilisi abafundi, ukusakaza amavidiyo kubo, ukulayisha imibhalo nezinto zokufundisa ezidingekayo. Kuyadingeka futhi ukufaka esikhundleni sebhodi elimnyama kanye neshoki nge-electronic "smart board". Kukho konke lokhu, udinga ukuba noxhumano lwe-inthanethi lwe-100%, ulayini osheshayo ongaphatha ukuxhumana kwamashumi/amakhulu ezingane ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukuze ube nesikhungo sakho sedatha (inethiwekhi, amaseva, isitoreji). Konke lokhu kubiza okuthile futhi izikole azinayo imali yakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akufanele neze ukuthi isikole ngasinye sizenzele esaso isisombululo/iphrojekthi. Lokhu kudinga ukuvuleka kancane ukuze kukwenze kube nenzuzo. Okokugcina, kunenkinga eyodwa enkulu futhi othisha uqobo. Ingxenye enkulu yabo “abadala” uma kuqhathaniswa futhi abajwayele ubuchwepheshe besimanje (kufanele ube nabaqeqeshi abazobafundisa yonke into nabantu abazotholakala uma kungasebenzi).
Lokhu kumane kuyisiqalo esincane salokho okudingekayo ukuze kusebenze njengoba kufanele futhi njengoba kuhloswe ngempela. Isihloko sakho sikha phezulu impela ngoba awazi ngaso futhi ucabanga ukuthi vele unikeze izingane ithebhulethi futhi zizohlakanipha..
Usuku oluhle.
Akekho othi kumele kwenzeke ushintsho kusasa. Kuyamangaza nje ukuthi kusebenza kwenye indawo, futhi sithembele ekulungiseleleni iminyaka eyishumi lapha. Kube nokuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke, okuvela kukho kucace. (Ngaphandle kwalokho, awusho ukuthi izingane zizohlakanipha, kodwa ngiyaqonda ukuthi ubuzama ukwengeza umphumela omangalisayo kumazwana akho.)
Ukuthi izikole azinayo imali - uthini ngezikole ezisahlolwa ukuthi zikwazile ukuthola le mali naphezu kobunzima bokuphatha? Okufanayo nothisha - amakota amathathu abengenankinga nobuchwepheshe besimanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kunomqondo ochazwe ngokucacile, lezi zinkinga zizobe zidlula. Okungukuthi, ngendlela, ingqikithi yombhalo - uma ingacacile ngokwanele - ukuthi uhlobo oluthile lombono oludingekayo olungakwazi futhi olungeke luphume eMnyangweni Wezemfundo.
Njengoba ngibhale, ukhuluma nje ngesikole esithile esihlakaniphile, lapho uthengela abafundi amaphilisi bese iyaphela. Akukho okunye ukusebenzisana lapha. Yebo, izikole zingayithola imali yalokho, kodwa akunjalo. Inkinga yayizovela uma befuna ukukwenza ngokubonisana nawo wonke umuntu. Kunzima ukuthi isikole sikwazi ukukhokhela isikhungo saso sedatha ngamamegabyte angu-20. Yingakho ngithi kubalulekile ukuthi sinikezwe wonke umuntu ngokuhlanganyela hhayi ukuthi izikole zizenzele ngokwazo futhi zihlale zihlukile.
Futhi usifundile nhlobo lesi sihloko? Phela, ingxenye yayo yesibili ikhuluma ngokuqondile ngodaba lokuxhumana okusheshayo ezikoleni, kanye nezidingo zohlelo oluphelele nomqondo jikelele. Isidingo semfundo yothisha kanye nesidingo sokwakha isizinda sobuchwepheshe kuyashiwo futhi. Ngokwazi kwami, akukho ndawo esihlokweni lapho ithi konke okufanele ukwenze ukunikeza izingane ama-iPads.
Angikholelwa ngempela ekusetshenzisweni kwamaphilisi esikoleni, futhi sengineminyaka engu-20 ngisebenzisa ikhompuyutha. Phela, ngisho nabafundi basenyuvesi abakwazi ukumelana nezilingo ezitholakala ngamakhompyutha aphathwayo kanye nokuxhuma ku-inthanethi. Futhi uma iphinda inqunyelwe uthisha, khona-ke iwuhlobo lwe-tinsel oluzokhathala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-IMHO, inkinga yemfundo yethu ikwenye indawo ngokuphelele. Bafunda ukwengeza, ukususa, ukwandisa, ukuhlukanisa, kodwa izingane aziqondi incazelo. Kufundiswa izingxenyana namadesimali, kodwa nasebangeni lesithupha, izingane zisangazi LUTHO ngohlelo lwezinombolo ezisebenza ngalo. Abafundi batshelwa amagama, kodwa bayayigeja incazelo yalawo magama. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi okwamanje abakwazi ukucubungula izinto ezingaka ezifinyeziwe kanye nemiqondo eminingi emisha, kodwa kungani begcwalisa ubuchopho babo nge-ballast eyengeziwe?
Amathebulethi, amabhodi amhlophe asebenzisanayo, amakhompiyutha emadeskini... konke lokhu kuyiziphazamiso nje ezizokuthakasela isikhashana, kodwa-ke susa ukunaka kwakho ezintweni ezibalulekile. Kuwukunqoba okulula kwefomu phezu kokuqukethwe. Besingazisebenzisanga izincwadi esikoleni, besingekho isidingo ngoba ngibe nenhlanhla yokungena “ekilasini lezibalo” ngakho esikhundleni sezincwadi, besinothisha abasezingeni eliphezulu abebelungise izinto emakhanda abo. Ngale ndlela, isibonelo, ebangeni lesikhombisa esikoleni samabanga aphansi, sasivame ukuhlukanisa i-polynomial nge-polynomial - okungukuthi, into abanye abaphothule emanyuvesi amaningana abangakwazi ukuyenza.
Manje kuthiwani ngamaphilisi esikhundleni? Okokuqala, udinga ukushintsha "umsebenzi" ukuze "mission". Khona-ke kuyadingeka ukufundisa umphakathi ukuthi uthisha unesimo esifanayo, noma esiphezulu, emphakathini kunomqondisi wenkampani enkulu noma ngisho nomongameli waseCzech Republic ngokwakhe. Ngingacabanga ukuthi kumelwe ukuba kuphoxeka kangakanani kuthisha lapho ezwa evela yonke indawo ukuthi uwumthwalo ongakanani kubantu bakubo, ngoba unezinyanga ezi-2 zeholidi futhi usalokhu ezungeza ndawana thize (ukuthi usebenza cishe njalo isikhathi esengeziwe esingakhokhelwa, ngezinye izikhathi. akakwazi ukuthatha iholidi, futhi abazali bakhe baphonsa zonke izinkinga ngemfundo yezingane zabo) Kamuva, amaholo othisha kanye nezimfuno zokukhethwa kothisha kumele zikhushulwe kakhulu. Lapho konke lokhu sekwenziwe, kungaleso sikhathi kuphela engangizozivumela ukuba ngibhekane “namaphilisi ezikole”.
PS: Angiyena uthisha, futhi angikaze ngibe ngomunye, kodwa ngiyabazi abambalwa babo, futhi abaningi babo bazama ngemizimba yabo ukuvimbela idamu ukuthi lingabhodloki ngisho nezindleko zokuzidela (idlanzana kakhulu wagcina esesibhedlela ngezinkinga zengqondo). Yonke indawo ngomzamo wakhe oncomekayo uthola kuphela ukuthukwa, ukugconwa nokungabongi.
Isivumelwano esiphelele! Angiyena uthisha, kodwa noma yimuphi umuntu ophile kahle ekhanda uyakubona lokhu.
Noma singazama kangakanani, sizoqhubeka nokuvotela amaqembu afanayo ephalamende, AKUKHO okuyoke kushintshe, lawo maqembu asekhombisile ukuthi akuphi lapho ebeka phambili khona.
Inhlanganisela enkulu, enkulu! Kuyangijabulisa ukuthi kulezi zinsuku kukhona umuntu ozazisayo izimfuno ezingajwayelekile zomsebenzi wokufundisa. Yeka ukuthi umfundisi wesikole samabanga aphezulu osezingeni elingakanani okufanele adlule kukho - kuyisihogo! Angihambisani namafagi anamuhla awonakaliswa ngokwandayo, angenalutho olungcono angakwenza ngaphandle kokuthi (haha, yini indida kule sayithi) ngokuthepha unomphela ku-iPhone yabo ngaphansi kwebhentshi. Abantu abaningi abaqaphelayo!
Ngeshwa, uhlanganisa amapheya nama-apula. Amaphilisi ezikole awekho ukuze enze uthisha azizwe engcono noma akhuphule izinga lakhe. Ithebhulethi inamandla amakhulu okwandisa izinga lokufundisa. UDale wonga isikhathi, imali yezincwadi kanye nesikhwama somntwana wesikole.
Mina ngokwami sengiqalile ukufunda futhi futhi ngiyaxolisa kakhulu ngokuthi azikho izincwadi zokufunda ku-iPad, esikhundleni salokho ngihudula inqwaba yezincwadi nezincwadi.
Ngiyabonga ngokuthi okungenani kunezincwadi ezimbalwa ze-PDF ezivela ku-Fragment. Ngaphandle kwalokho, sinezinsiza zokufundisa eziningi ohlelweni lwesikole, lapho othisha besihlinzeka khona. Kulula kakhulu ukulanda, ukulondoloza nokusebenza ngalezi zinto zokwakha.
Angicabangi ukuthi wonke umuntu udinga ubuhlakani obunjalo ukuthi i-psychology idinga ukufundwa futhi ibambe ngekhanda phakathi namakilasi, okufanayo kusebenza emthethweni, umlando, njll. futhi yingakho sisadinga izincwadi ezingashintshwa yithebhulethi. Ungakwazi futhi ukubhala izivivinyo kuzo bese uzigcina ohlelweni, maningi amathuba, kodwa kufanele uqale ndawana thize!
(isibonelo esincane, incwadi yephepha engu-170 kc, efanayo ku-PDF 69 kc - ungakwazi ukukhipha incwadi yokufunda kalula ngezindleko zombuso bese uyisabalalisa kwenye ilayisensi yesikole mahhala, futhi kakade izigidi sezilondoloziwe)
Awuqondi futhi umbhalo obhaliwe. Futhi awuqondi ngokujwayelekile.
Bheka, nginenqwaba yezincwadi ze-O'Reilly ezikwifomu ye-elekthronikhi iyodwa. Futhi ngokuyisisekelo ngifunda izinganekwane kuphela ngekhompyutha. Okubalulekile ukuthi kuthinta izinga lokufundisa ngokuhle kancane futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokubi kakhulu.
Umbhalo wami wonke umayelana neqiniso lokuthi into ebalulekile uthisha *wekhwalithi* ozokhokhelwa kahle ngamakhono akhe futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ozofuna ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi wakhe. Akayidingi ithebhulethi yalokho (angizange ngisho nokuthi noma yikuphi futhi angiqondi nhlobo ukuthi ungayithola kanjani iphutha elingaka embhalweni wami). Uthisha onjalo eyedwa uzonciphisa isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kuqondwe ukwaziswa ngokuqhubekayo futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphezu kwanoma iyiphi incwadi ekwi-tablet.
Kusenesithiyo esikhulu kakhulu kwezemfundo, kodwa sisohlangothini lwabafundi/labafundi - ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo. Ithebhulethi ikhulisa lokhu kwehluleka ngoba idlulisela ukunaka kokungabalulekile.
Ngendlela, kubantu abangakwazi ukukhumbula yonke into (ungakhathazeki, sibaningi bethu), kwasungulwa amaphethelo angenalutho ezincwadini zokufunda, incwajana yezinyembezi kanye nepensela ene-eraser ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ucezu oluyingqayizivele lobuchwepheshe olunempilo ende. Futhi isibonisi futhi kulula kakhulu ukusibona elangeni eliqondile.
Izinto obhala ngazo zinhle, kodwa azigxeki futhi ziyimfucumfucu uma uyaxolisa.
Ngicabanga ukuthi ngiyayazi into okhuluma ngayo. Kodwa ngamunye wethu unombono ohlukile ngesimo kanye nesihloko. Angicabangi ukuthi ithebhulethi kufanele ingene esikhundleni sikathisha osezingeni eliphezulu noma ixazulule inkinga ethile yesikole. Futhi ungakucabangi lokho e-USA, lapho abaqhamuke nakho.
Ngiyaqonda ukuthi isithombe esingokomfanekiso singaholela embonweni wokubona umfundi wokuqala ngqa ene-iPad ngemuva kwephrojekthi, kodwa lokho akulona iphuzu. Asinazo izikole zamabanga aphansi kuphela, kukhona nezamabanga aphezulu namabanga aphezulu.
Izibalo azikhohliswa, ithebhulethi ayisizi ngempela lapho, kodwa kungani othisha bekhipha amakhophi amabi abhalwe ukuthi benze umsebenzi wesikole wasekhaya?
Ngiqonda ithebhulethi njengomsizi omuhle futhi ikakhulukazi ukushintshela kukhulunyaka lama-21, ukusuka ngqo kwipensela enerabha. Futhi akumele kube yithebhulethi nje, i-PC nje ekhaya - kodwa kuphi okuqukethwe?
Ngakho-ke ukukufingqa, ukufunda nge-e-learning kungu-yebo oqondile kimi (imayelana nokuqukethwe, hhayi ikhekhe).
Mnu. Slávek, angazi ukuthi ucabangani, kodwa mhlawumbe... Wafika kuphi emhlabeni nezigidi ezisindisiwe? Ugcina ikhulu encwadini, kahle lokho kuyibhomu ngempela, kodwa leyo ipad eyisiphukuphuku ibiza cishe i-7000-12000, ngakho-ke ngeke usindise izigidi, kodwa uzobe ulahlekelwe izigidigidi. Isibonelo: kukhona abantu abangama-30 ekilasini lethu, bese kuba no-B no-C, kumabanga ayi-8, abafundi abangama-720, LOKHO KUNGAPHEZU KWE-5 MILLION AMATABLETS, uma kubiza KUPHELA 7000 CZK, kufanele ubathengele izincwadi, zonke. sezizonke, izincwadi zesikole zihlala cishe iminyaka eyi-6, amaphilisi mhlawumbe iminyaka emi-2, bese ziyawa.
Kungcono uvale i-intelligentsia yezezimali ngokuzayo….
Ngakho-ke angibhali ndawo ukuthi amaphilisi azonikezwa, ngakho-ke angibhali lutho ngokuthi i-iPad. Futhi asinazo nje izikole zamabanga aphansi. Azikho izincwadi zokufunda ezinikezwa esikoleni samabanga aphakeme, futhi uma ngibala, isilinganiso singu-150/book x izifundo eziyi-10 x 4 iminyaka ngu-6000 kc. Angiyizwa iSesity, kodwa eyodwa ibiza 20kc. Futhi ngibhala nge-imeyili. izincwadi zokufunda zingabhalwa ngaphansi kwelayisensi yamahhala futhi zinikezwe mahhala.
Futhi uma unombono olinganiselwe ngakho, ngiyakuzwela.
PS abangenazo izingxabano basebenzisa inhlamba
P.S2. indodakazi yami isivele inethebhulethi futhi lapho i-mini 2 iphuma, izoba nenye.
Ngaphandle kombuzo: Inkinga enkulu empeleni isezingeni lothisha, yini enganezelwa lapho ngisho nomqondisi ocashuniwe engakhulumi kahle isiCzech futhi ekhohlwa igama elithi "Sithole imali ezikhwameni zaseYurophu ...
Iqiniso lokuthi kwesinye isikhathi sifunda ukuthi ikilasi ndawana thize lalihlome ngamaphilisi e-Apple liwubufakazi bokumaketha kwezinkampani ezihlakaniphile, isifiso sabasebenzi besikole sokulahla izinto zikagesi ezihlonishwayo ngaphandle kokuzikhokhela, kanye nokungakwazi ukusebenza kwezintatheli ezibika ngakho ngentshiseko (muva nje). Respekt)..
Yebo, kuyafiseleka kakhulu ukuthi amakhompuyutha abe ithuluzi eliyisisekelo lezingane ezikoleni, kodwa ukuze abe nenjongo futhi afanele izindleko nomzamo, kufanele kube amakhompyutha okungakhiwa kuwo okuqukethwe, hhayi amathebulethi. Ukuze iphrojekthi ibe nokwenzeka, kufanele kube indlela eshibhile kuyilapho igcina izici ezibalulekile zokusebenza. Futhi kufanele kube uhlelo lapho izikole (noma lonke uhlelo lwemfundo ezweni elithile) zizokwazi ukwenza izicelo kalula futhi ngaphandle kwezithiyo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, akumele kube uhlelo oluzoncika kumuntu oyedwa kuphela. Ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi, ngizosho ukuthi ama-netbook ane-Linux asondela kulezi zidingo, kuyilapho ubuchwepheshe be-Apple buphikisana nabo. Ngokungafani noMnu. Novotný, ngicabanga ukuthi i-iPad njengendinganiso kuzo zonke izikole ayinakwenzeka ngaphandle kwanoma yimaphi "ama-buts" (ngiyaqaphela ukuthi mina uqobo ngingumsebenzisi onelisekile wemikhiqizo ye-Apple).
Isiphetho se-athikili siwumkhankaso ojabulisayo ongenabucayi. Imiphumela yovivinyo ezikoleni ezimbalwa ezithuthukile isho okuncane kakhulu ngokuthi kungenzeka kanjani uhlelo kulo lonke uhlelo lwesikole - futhi yilokhu kucatshangelwa kuphela lapho kunengqondo ngempela. Ingabe lokhu sekuzuziwe kakade e-USA, Denmark noma e-Uruguay?