Amaya Toman Incwadi, echaza impilo nomsebenzi we-CEO yamanje ye-Apple, u-Tim Cook, izoshicilelwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Umbhali wayo, u-Leander Kahney, wabelane ngezingcaphuno zalo nomagazini Ihlelo le-Mac. Emsebenzini wakhe, wasebenzelana, phakathi kokunye, nomanduleli kaCook, uSteve Jobs - isampula yanamuhla ichaza ukuthi Imisebenzi yaphefumulelwa kanjani eJapane elikude lapho iqala imboni yeMacintosh.
Ugqozi oluvela eJapan
USteve Jobs ubelokhu ehlatshwe umxhwele izimboni ezizenzakalelayo. Waqala ukuhlangana nalolu hlobo lwebhizinisi ohambweni oluya eJapan ngo-1983. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Apple yayisanda kukhiqiza i-floppy disk yayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-Twiggy, futhi lapho uJobs evakashela ifektri eSan Jose, wamangala ngokungathandeki ngezinga eliphezulu lokukhiqiza. amaphutha - amadiski akhiqiziwe angaphezu kwesigamu abengasebenziseki.
Imisebenzi ingadiliza iningi labasebenzi noma ibheke kwenye indawo ukuze ikhiqize. Okunye bekuyidrayivu engu-3,5-intshi esuka kwaSony, ekhiqizwe umphakeli omncane waseJapan obizwa nge-Alps Electronics. Lesi sinyathelo sibonakale silungile, futhi ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amane, i-Alps Electronics isasebenza njengengxenye yochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwe-Apple. USteve Jobs wahlangana no-Yasuyuki Hiroso, unjiniyela e-Alps Electronics, e-West Coast Computer Faire. Ngokusho kukaHirose, uJobs wayenentshisekelo enkulu enqubweni yokukhiqiza, futhi ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakhe efektri, wayenemibuzo eminingi.
Ngaphandle kwamafekthri aseJapan, Imisebenzi iphinde yagqugquzelwa eMelika, nguHenry Ford uqobo, owadala uguquko embonini. Izimoto zakwaFord zahlanganiswa ezimbonini ezinkulu lapho imigqa yokukhiqiza ihlukanisa inqubo yokukhiqiza ibe yizinyathelo ezimbalwa eziphindaphindwayo. Umphumela walokhu okusha kwaba, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ikhono lokuhlanganisa imoto esikhathini esingaphansi kwehora elilodwa.
I-automation ephelele
Ngenkathi i-Apple ivula imboni yayo esebenza kakhulu eFremont, California ngoJanuwari 1984, yayikwazi ukuhlanganisa i-Macintosh ephelele ngemizuzu engama-26 nje. Imboni, eseWarm Springs Boulevard, ibingaphezu kwamamitha-skwele angu-120, ngenhloso yokukhiqiza ama-Macintoshe afinyelela kwesigidi ngenyanga eyodwa. Uma inkampani inezingxenye ezanele, umshini omusha ushiye umugqa wokukhiqiza njalo ngemizuzwana engamashumi amabili nesikhombisa. UGeorge Irwin, omunye wonjiniyela abasiza ukuhlela ifektri, uthe umgomo waze wehliswa waba imizuzwana eyishumi nantathu yokuvelela njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka.
I-Macintoshes ngayinye yangaleso sikhathi yayinezingxenye eziyisishiyagalombili eziyinhloko ezazilula futhi zishesha ukuhlanganisa. Imishini yokukhiqiza ikwazile ukuzungeza imboni lapho yehliswa khona ophahleni ngojantshi abakhethekile. Izisebenzi zinemizuzwana engamashumi amabili nambili—ngezinye izikhathi ngaphansi—yokusiza imishini iqedele umsebenzi wayo ngaphambi kokuba idlulele esiteshini esilandelayo. Konke kwabalwa ngokuningiliziwe. I-Apple iphinde yakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi akudingekile ukuthi bafinyelele izingxenye ezidingekayo ebangeni elingaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-33. Izingxenye zithuthelwe endaweni yokusebenzela ngayinye ngeloli elizisebenzelayo.
Ngokulandelayo, ukuhlanganiswa kwamabhodi omama wekhompiyutha kwakusingathwa yimishini ekhethekile ezenzakalelayo enamathisele amasekethe namamojula kumabhodi. Amakhompyutha we-Apple II kanye ne-Apple III ngokuvamile asebenza njengamatheminali anesibopho sokucubungula idatha edingekayo.
Igalari yezithombe
Ingxabano ngombala
Ekuqaleni, uSteve Jobs wagcizelela ukuthi imishini emafekthri ipendwe ngemibala ilogo yenkampani eyayiziqhenya ngayo ngaleso sikhathi. Kepha lokho bekungenzeki, ngakho umphathi wefekthri uMat Carter wasebenzisa i-beige evamile. Kodwa uMisebenzi waqhubeka nenkani yakhe kwaze kwaba yilapho omunye wemishini ebiza kakhulu, ependwe ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, yayeka ukusebenza ngendlela efanele ngenxa kapende. Ekugcineni, uCarter washiya - izingxabano ne-Jobs, nazo ezivame ukuzungeza izinto ezincane eziphelele, ngokusho kwamazwi akhe, zazikhathaza kakhulu. Esikhundleni sikaCarter kwafakwa uDebi Coleman, oyisikhulu sezezimali okwathi phakathi kokunye, wawina indondo yonyaka yesisebenzi esime kakhulu eMisebenzini.
Kodwa naye akazange ayigweme ingxabano mayelana nemibala yasembonini. Kulokhu kwaba yilapho uSteve Jobs ecele ukuthi izindonga zefemu zipendwe zibe mhlophe. UDebi waphikisana nokungcola, okuzokwenzeka maduze nje ngenxa yokusebenza kwemboni. Ngokufanayo, waphikelela ekuhlanzekeni okuphelele efektri - ukuze "ukwazi ukudla phansi".
Ubuncane besici somuntu
Izinqubo ezimbalwa kakhulu efektri zazidinga umsebenzi wezandla zomuntu. Imishini ikwazile ukuphatha ngendlela enokwethenjelwa ngaphezu kuka-90% wenqubo yokukhiqiza, lapho abasebenzi babengenelela kakhulu uma kudingeka ukulungisa iphutha noma ukushintsha izingxenye ezinephutha. Imisebenzi efana nokupholisha ilogo ye-Apple kumakesi ekhompuyutha nayo idinga ukungenelela komuntu.
Umsebenzi uphinde wahlanganisa inqubo yokuhlola, ebizwa ngokuthi "umjikelezo wokushiswa". Lokhu bekuhlanganisa ukucisha umshini ngamunye futhi uphinde uvule ihora ngalinye amahora angaphezu kwamashumi amabili nane. Inhloso yalolu hlelo kwakuwukuqinisekisa ukuthi iphrosesa ngayinye isebenza ngendlela efanele. “Ezinye izinkampani zivele zavula ikhompuyutha zayishiya kanjalo,” kukhumbula u-Sam Khoo, owayesebenza esizeni njengomphathi wokukhiqiza, wengeza ngokuthi le nqubo eshiwo ikwazile ukubona noma yiziphi izingxenye ezinesici ngokwethembeka futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Imboni ye-Macintosh yachazwa abaningi njengefekthri yesikhathi esizayo, ibonisa ukuzenzekelayo ngomqondo omsulwa wegama.
Incwadi kaLeander Kahney ethi Tim Cook: The Genius eyayisa i-Apple ku-Next Level izoshicilelwa ngo-Ephreli 16.
Ifekthri enanda ngaphezu kwamamitha-skwele angu-120… Hmmm, ngiyazi ukuthi kukhona “okungaphezu” komlingo okungaba ngu-120k. izinyawo eziyisikwele, kodwa namanje. Kwakungafanele kube nje kuphela i-automated ephezulu kodwa futhi ibe ifektri encane kakhulu. :-)