Ondrej Holzman Njengamanje usagijima ngaphambi kweNkantolo Yesifunda e-Oakland, eCalifornia boj phakathi kuka-Apple nabamangali, abamele amakhasimende angaba yizigidi eziyisishiyagalombili kanye nabathengisi abakhulu, mayelana nokuthi inkampani yakwa-Apple ivimbile yini ukuncintisana phakathi neminyaka eyishumi edlule ngokuvikelwa kuma-iTunes nama-iPod. U-Apple uthi akenzanga lutho olubi, abashushisi bacabanga ngenye indlela.
Abamangali bafuna imali eyizigidi ezingama- $ 351 ku-Apple, bethi izibuyekezo i-Apple ebizikhipha ku-iTunes beziyintuthuko, okungenani hhayi ngokombono wabasebenzisi. Kanye ne-iPod nano entsha eyethulwa ngo-2006, inkampani yaseCalifornia yasolwa ngokukhawulela amakhasimende kanye nokwephula imithetho yokungathembeki.
I-iPod ye-iTunes kuphela
"Yayinenkumbulo ephindwe kabili futhi yeza ngemibala emihlanu," kusho ummeli wabamangali u-Bonnie Sweeney esitatimendeni sakhe sokuvula ngoLwesibili, "kodwa u-Apple angazange akutshele amakhasimende ukuthi ikhodi eza ne-Nano entsha iqukethe 'Keybag Verification. Ikhodi '. Le khodi ye-Nano ayizange iyisheshise noma ithuthukise ikhwalithi yayo yomsindo nganoma iyiphi indlela... ayizange iyenze ibe yinhle kakhulu noma ibe nesitayela. Kunalokho, ivimbele abasebenzisi abathenge izingoma ngokusemthethweni koqhudelana nabo ukuthi bazidlale kuma-iPod abo.”
Ikakhulukazi, sikhuluma ngezibuyekezo ze-iTunes 7.0 kanye ne-7.4, ngokusho kwabamangali, ezihloselwe umncintiswano. I-Apple ayimangalelwa ngokusebenzisa i-DRM ukuvikela ikhophi ngayinye, kodwa ngokushintsha i-DRM yayo ukuze ingasebenzi nembangi ye-Real Networks 'Harmony, isibonelo.
Izingoma ezithengwe kuma-iTunes zafakwa ikhodi futhi zingadlalwa kuphela kuma-iPod. Lapho umsebenzisi efuna ukushintshela emkhiqizweni oqhudelana naye, kwakudingeka ashise izingoma azifake ku-CD, azidlulisele kwenye ikhompyutha, bese azidlulisela kwesinye isidlali seMP3. "Lokhu kuqinise isikhundla sika-Apple sokuba yedwa," kusho uSweeny.
Iqiniso lokuthi i-Apple yazama ukuvimba ngempela ukuncintisana emikhiqizweni yayo yafakazelwa ngummangali ngamanye ama-imeyili angaphakathi abameleli abaphezulu benkampani. "Jeff, kungase kudingeke ukuthi sishintshe okuthile lapha," uSteve Jobs wabhalela uJeff Robbins ngenkathi iReal Networks yethula iHarmony ngo-2006, okukuvumela ukuthi udlale isitoko sombangi ku-iPod. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, uRobbins wazisa ozakwabo ukuthi ngempela kuzodingeka kuthathwe izinyathelo ezilula.
Ezingxoxweni zangaphakathi nesikhulu esiphezulu sezentengiso uPhil Schiller, Imisebenzi yaze yabiza iReal Networks njengabaduni abazama ukugqekeza i-iPod yakhe, nakuba ingxenye yemakethe yensizakalo eqhudelanayo ngaleso sikhathi yayincane.
I-Harmony yayiwusongo
Kodwa abameli baka-Apple ngokuqondakalayo banombono ohlukile nge-iTunes 7.0 kanye ne-7.4, eyethulwe ngoSepthemba 2006 kanye nonyaka kamuva ngoSepthemba 2007, ngokulandelana. "Uma ekugcineni kwecala uthola ukuthi i-iTunes 7.0 kanye ne-7.4 bekuyintuthuko yangempela yomkhiqizo, kufanele uthole ukuthi i-Apple ayenzanga lutho olubi ngokuncintisana," kusho uWilliam Isaacson etshela amajaji angamajaji ayisishiyagalombili esitatimendeni sakhe sokuvula.
Ngokusho kwakhe, lezi zibuyekezo ezishiwo ngokuyinhloko bezimayelana nokwenza ngcono i-iTunes, hhayi isinqumo samasu sokuvimba i-Harmony, futhi inguqulo 7.0 "yayiyisibuyekezo esibaluleke kakhulu kusukela ku-iTunes yokuqala". Yize lokhu kukhululwa kuthiwa akuhlangene ne-DRM kuphela, u-Isaacson uvumile ukuthi i-Apple ngempela ibuke uhlelo lwe-Real Networks njengesigebengu ohlelweni lwayo. Abaduni abaningi bazama ukugebenga i-iTunes ngayo.
“IHarmony bekuyisoftware ebisebenza ngaphandle kwemvume. Wayefuna ukuphazamisa i-iPod ne-iTunes futhi akhohlise i-FairPlay (igama lesistimu ye-DRM ye-Apple - inothi lomhleli). Kube wusongo kulwazi lomsebenzisi kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo,” kusho u-Isaacson ngoLwesibili, eqinisekisa ukuthi phakathi kwezinye izinguquko, i-iTunes 7.0 kanye ne-7.4 nazo zilethe ushintsho ekubhalweni kwemfihlo, okubeke iHarmony ebhizinisini.
Ngesikhathi evula isitatimende, u-Isaacson uphinde waveza ukuthi iReal Networks - nakuba engumdlali obalulekile - ngeke avele enkantolo nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, iJaji uRogers utshele amajaji ukuthi angakunaki ukungabi khona kofakazi beReal Networks ngoba inkampani ayihlangene necala.
Isusa izingoma ngaphandle kwesixwayiso
Icala liqhubeke ngoLwesithathu, uPatrick Coughlin, ummeli omele abasebenzisi, echazela ijaji ukuthi i-Apple iwususe kanjani umculo othengwe ezitolo ezincintisana nawo kuma-iPod ayo ngaphandle kwesaziso phakathi kuka-2007 no-2009. “Unqume ukubanikeza umuzwa omubi kakhulu futhi ucekele phansi imitapo yolwazi yabo yomculo,” kusho u-Apple Coughlin.
Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho umsebenzisi elanda okuqukethwe komculo esitolo esiqhudelana naye futhi ezama ukukuvumelanisa ne-iPod, kwavela umlayezo wephutha oyala umsebenzisi ukuthi asethe kabusha isidlali kuzilungiselelo zasefekthri. Kwathi lapho umsebenzisi ebuyisela i-iPod, umculo oqhudelanayo wanyamalala. U-Apple uklame uhlelo ukuthi "ungatsheli abasebenzisi ngenkinga," kuchaza uCoughlin.
Kungakho, ecaleni elineminyaka eyishumi, abamangali bafuna imali eshiwo ngenhla eyizigidi ezingama-351 kwa-Apple, okungenzeka ukuthi ikhuphuke izikhathi eziphindwe kathathu ngenxa yemithetho ye-antitrust yase-US.
U-Apple waphikisa ngokuthi kwakuyisinyathelo esisemthethweni sokuphepha. "Bekungadingeki sinikeze abasebenzisi imininingwane eyengeziwe, besingafuni ukubadida," kusho umqondisi wezokuphepha u-Augustin Farrugia. Utshele ijaji ukuthi abaduni abafana ne-"DVD Jon" kanye ne-"Requiem" benza i-Apple "yadideka kakhulu" mayelana nokuvikela i-iTunes. "Uhlelo lugqekezwe ngokuphelele," uFarrugia wacabanga ukuthi kungani i-Apple ikhiphe umculo oqhudelanayo emikhiqizweni yayo.
"Kunomuntu ogqekeza endlini yami," uSteve Jobs wabhala kwenye i-imeyili ku-Eddy Cue, owayephethe i-iTunes. Abashushisi kulindeleke ukuthi bethule okunye ukuxhumana kwangaphakathi kwe-Apple njengobufakazi phakathi necala, futhi nguCue noPhil Schiller ozovela endaweni yofakazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abashushisi kulindeleke ukuthi basebenzise izingxenye zevidiyo eqoshiwe yobufakazi bukaSteve Jobs kusukela ngo-2011.
Amahloni kakhulu. Ngethemba ukuthi i-Apple izolahlekelwa ngokufanelekile kule mpi.