Ondrej Holzman Ngemva kwamasonto amabili okuqulwa kwecala e-Oakland, eCalifornia, mayelana nokuthi i-Apple yabalimaza yini abasebenzisi ngezinguquko zayo kuma-iTunes nama-iPod, ijaji elinamalungu ayisishiyagalombili lisendleleni. Uzizwile izingxabano zokugcina zezinhlangothi zombili futhi kufanele anqume ezinsukwini ezilandelayo ukuthi yini ngempela eyenzekayo embonini yomculo cishe eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. Uma inquma ngokumelene ne-Apple, inkampani yama-apula ingakhokha imali efika esigidini esisodwa samadola.
Abamangali (abasebenzisi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-8 abathenge i-iPod phakathi kuka-September 12, 2006 no-March 31, 2009, kanye namakhulu ezitolo ezincane nezinkulu) bafuna amarandi ayizigidi ezingu-350 ngomonakalo ovela kwa-Apple, kodwa lelo nani lingaphindeka kathathu ngenxa yemithetho yokungathembeki. Engxoxweni yabo yokuvala, abamangali baveze ukuthi i-iTunes 7.0, eyakhishwa ngoSepthemba 2006, yayihloselwe ukuqeda ukuncintisana emdlalweni. I-iTunes 7.0 ifike nesilinganiso sokuphepha esisuse konke okuqukethwe kumtapo wolwazi ngaphandle kwesistimu yokuvikela ye-FairPlay.
Ngemva konyaka, lokhu kwalandelwa isibuyekezo sesofthiwe yama-iPod, eyethula nohlelo olufanayo lokuvikela kuwo, okwaba nomphumela wokuthi kwakungenakwenzeka ukudlala umculo nge-DRM ehlukile kubadlali be-Apple, ukuze abathengisi bomculo abancintisanayo babe akukho ukufinyelela ku-ecosystem ye-Apple.
Ngokusho kwabamangali, i-Apple yalimaza abasebenzisi
Ummeli wabamangali, uPatrick Coughlin, uthe isoftware entsha ibingase isuse wonke umtapo wolwazi wabasebenzisi kuma-iPod uma ithola noma yikuphi ukungqubuzana kwamathrekhi aqoshiwe, njengomculo olandwe kwenye indawo. “Ngizoyifanisa nokuqhumisa i-iPod. Kwakubi kakhulu kunesisindo sephepha. Ubungase ulahlekelwe yikho konke,” etshela ijaji.
“Abakholwa ukuthi ungumnikazi waleyo iPod. Bakholelwa ukuthi basenalo ilungelo lokukukhethela ukuthi yimuphi umdlali ozotholakala kudivayisi yakho oyithengile nomnikazi wayo,” kuchaza u-Couglin, wengeza ngokuthi i-Apple ikholelwa ukuthi inelungelo “lokwehlisa isipiliyoni sakho sengoma ngelinye ilanga ongase ube nayo. dlala futhi ngakusasa ungaphindi futhi" lapho ivimbela umculo othengwe kwezinye izitolo ekufinyeleleni ku-iTunes.
Kodwa-ke, akazange alinde isikhathi eside ukusabela okungekuhle kuka-Apple. "Konke sekwenziwe," kuphendula uBill Isaacson ka-Apple enkulumweni yakhe yokuvala. "Abukho ubufakazi bokuthi lokhu kwake kwenzeka ... awekho amakhasimende, awekho abasebenzisi be-iPod, awekho izinhlolovo, awekho amaphepha ebhizinisi akwa-Apple."
U-Apple: Izenzo zethu bezingamelene nokuncintisana
Emasontweni amabili edlule, i-Apple iziphikile izinsolo zecala, yathi yenza izinguquko ohlelweni lwayo lokuvikela ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili: okokuqala, ngenxa yabaduni abazama ukwephula i-DRM yayo. ukugebenga, futhi ngenxa ngiyavumelana, i-Apple eyayinayo nezinkampani zokuqopha. Ngenxa yabo, kwakudingeka aqinisekise ukuphepha okuphezulu futhi alungise noma iyiphi imbobo yokuphepha ngokushesha, ngoba wayengenakukwazi ukulahlekelwa noma yimuphi umlingani.
Abamangali abavumelani nalokhu kuchazwa kwemicimbi futhi bathi i-Apple ibisebenzisa kuphela isikhundla sayo esiphezulu emakethe engafuni ukuyivumela kunoma yimuphi umncintiswano ongaba khona, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele ukufinyelela kwayo ku-ecosystem yayo. “Ngesikhathi bephumelela, babevala i-iPod noma bavimbe isimbangi esithile. Bangasebenzisa i-DRM ukwenza lokho, ”kusho uCoughlin.
Njengesibonelo, abamangali bacaphune I-Real Networks ikakhulukazi, kodwa abayona ingxenye yezinqubo zenkantolo futhi akekho noyedwa wabameleli wabo ofakaze. Isoftware yabo yeHarmony yavela ngemuva nje kokwethulwa kweSitolo Somculo se-iTunes ngo-2003 futhi yazama ukudlula i-FairPlay DRM ngokwenza njengenye i-iTunes lapho ama-iPod angaphathwa khona. Abamangali kuleli cala bakhombisa ukuthi i-Apple ibifuna ukwenza i-monopoly ne-FairPlay yayo ngenkathi uSteve Jobs enqaba ukunikeza ilayisense uhlelo lwayo lokuvikela. I-Apple ibheke umzamo weReal Networks wokweqa isivikelo sayo njengokuhlasela uhlelo lwayo futhi yasabela ngokufanele.
Abameli befemu ezinze eCalifornia ebizwa ngokuthi "Real Networks" "imbangi eyodwa encane" futhi ngaphambilini batshele ijaji ukuthi ukulanda kwe-Real Networks kubalele ngaphansi kwephesenti elilodwa lawo wonke umculo othengwa ezitolo ze-inthanethi ngaleso sikhathi. Ngesikhathi sokugcina, bakhumbuze ijaji ukuthi ngisho nochwepheshe be-Real Networks uvumile ukuthi isofthiwe yabo yimbi kangangokuthi ingalimaza izinhla zokudlalayo noma isuse umculo.
Manje sekuyithuba lamajaji
Ijaji manje selizonikezwa umsebenzi wokunquma ukuthi isibuyekezo esishiwo ngenhla se-iTunes 7.0 singathathwa "njengokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo wangempela" okulethe ulwazi olungcono kubasebenzisi, noma ukuthi bekuhloselwe ukulimaza izimbangi ngendlela ehlelekile kanjalo nabasebenzisi. U-Apple uzishaya isifuba ngokuthi i-iTunes 7.0 ilethe ukusekelwa kwamamuvi, amavidiyo anencazelo ephezulu, Ukugeleza Kwekhava nezinye izindaba, kodwa ngokusho kwabamangali kwakumayelana nezinguquko zokuphepha, okwakuyisinyathelo sokuhlehla.
Ngaphansi koMthetho We-Sherman Antitrust, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo wangempela" ngeke kuthathwe njengokungaqhudelani ngisho noma kuphazamisa imikhiqizo eqhudelanayo. "Inkampani ayinawo umsebenzi ojwayelekile womthetho wokusiza izimbangi zayo, akudingekile ukuthi idale imikhiqizo esebenzisanayo, inikeze izimbangi zayo ilayisensi noma yabelane ngazo," kusho iJaji uYvonne Rogers eyala ijaji.
Manje amajaji kuzomele aphendule ikakhulukazi le mibuzo elandelayo: Ingabe ngempela i-Apple yaba yedwa ebhizinisini lomculo wedijithali? Ingabe i-Apple ibizivikela ekuhlaselweni kwabaduni futhi ikwenza lokho njengengxenye yokugcina ukubambisana nozakwethu, noma ingabe i-FairPlay isebenzisa i-DRM njengesikhali sokuncintisana? Ingabe amanani e-iPod enyukile ngenxa yalelisu elithi "lokuvala"? Ngisho nenani eliphakeme lama-iPod lashiwo ngabamangali njengenye yemiphumela yokuziphatha kuka-Apple.
Uhlelo lokuvikela i-DRM alusasetshenziswa namuhla, futhi ungadlala umculo ovela ku-iTunes kunoma iziphi izidlali. Ngakho-ke ukuqulwa kwecala kwamanje kwenkantolo kuthinta kuphela isinxephezelo sezimali esingaba khona, isinqumo sejaji lamalungu ayisishiyagalombili, okulindeleke ezinsukwini ezizayo, ngeke sibe nomthelela esimweni semakethe samanje.
Ungathola ukumbozwa okuphelele kwecala lapha.
