U-Vratislav Holub Ngenkathi i-Apple yethula ama-Macs okuqala nge-Apple Silicon, enikwa amandla yi-chip yayo ebizwa nge-M1, ikwazile ukumangaza umhlaba wonke futhi yaphakamisa imibuzo eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Vele, sebevele bavele ngesikhathi kwethulwa iphrojekthi ye-Apple Silicon kanjalo, kodwa kulokhu wonke umuntu wayenelukuluku lokwazi ukuthi izibikezelo zabo zangempela zizofezeka yini ngempela. Umbuzo omkhulu wawusesimweni sokuqala noma sokwenza olunye uhlelo lokusebenza, ikakhulukazi iWindows. Njengoba i-chip ye-M1 isuselwe esakhiweni esihlukile (ARM64), ngeshwa ayikwazi ukusebenzisa amasistimu okusebenza endabuko afana ne-Windows 10 (esebenza ku-x86 architecture).
Khumbula ukwethulwa kwe-chip ye-M1, eyokuqala emndenini we-Apple Silicon, okwamanje enika amandla ama-4 Mac kanye ne-iPad Pro:
Igalari yezithombe
Nakuba ingabonakali iyinhle kakhulu ngeWindows ngokuqondile (okwamanje), izikhathi ezingcono ziyakhanya kumdlali olandelayo "omkhulu", okuyi-Linux. Cishe unyaka, iphrojekthi enkulu ibilokhu iqhubeka yokuthutha i-Linux kuma-Macs nge-M1 chip. Futhi imiphumela ibukeka ithembisa impela. I-Linux Kernel yamaMacs ene-chip yayo (Apple Silicon) yayisivele itholakala ekupheleni kukaJuni. Kodwa-ke, manje abadali ngemuva kwalokhu bathe uhlelo lwe-Linux seluvele lusetshenziswa njengedeskithophu evamile kulawa madivayisi we-Apple. I-Asahi Linux manje isebenza kangcono kunangaphambili, kodwa isenayo imikhawulo kanye namaphutha athile.
Abashayeli
Esimeni samanje, sekungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise i-Linux ezinzile kuma-M1 Macs, kodwa ngeshwa isantula ukusekelwa kokusheshisa ihluzo, okuyisimo senguqulo yakamuva ebizwa ngokuthi 5.16. Noma kunjalo, ithimba labahleli bezinhlelo lisebenza kanzima kulo msebenzi, ngenxa yokuthi likwazile ukwenza okuthile abanye abantu ababengase bacabange ukuthi akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele lapho kwethulwa iphrojekthi ye-Apple Silicon. Ngokucacile, bakwazile ukuthungatha abashayeli be-PCIe ne-USB-C PD. Abanye abashayeli be-Printctrl, I2C, ibhokisi leposi le-ASC, i-IOMMU 4K kanye nomshayeli wokuphatha amandla wedivayisi nawo alungile, kodwa manje alinde ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela nokuthunywa okulandelayo.
Abadali babe sebengeza ukuthi empeleni isebenza kanjani nezilawuli. Ukuze zisebenze kahle, zidinga ukuxhunywa ngokuqinile ku-hardware esetshenziswayo ngakho-ke ziqaphele ngisho nemininingwane emincane (isibonelo, inombolo yezikhonkwane nokunye okunjalo). Ngemuva kwakho konke, lezi yizidingo zeningi lama-chips, futhi ngesizukulwane esisha ngasinye sehadiwe, abashayeli nabo badinga ukuguqulwa ukuze banikeze ukwesekwa okungu-100%. Kodwa-ke, i-Apple iletha into entsha ngokuphelele kulo mkhakha futhi ivele ihluke kwabanye. Ngenxa yale ndlela, kungenzeka ukuthi abashayeli bangakwazi ukusebenza kuphela kuma-Mac ane-M1, kodwa futhi nakubalandeli babo, okuphakathi kwamanye amathuba omhlaba ongahloliwe wezakhiwo ze-ARM64. Isibonelo, ingxenye ebizwa nge-UART etholakala ku-chip ye-M1 inomlando obanzi futhi singayithola ngisho naku-iPhone yokuqala ngqa.
Ngabe ukuhambisa kuma-chips e-Apple Silicon amasha kuzoba lula?
Ngokusekelwe olwazini olushiwo ngenhla, umbuzo ophakamayo wokuthi ngabe ukuthuthwa ekugcineni kwe-Linux noma ukulungiswa kwayo kwama-Mac alindelwe ngama-chips amasha kuzoba lula. Yebo, asiyazi impendulo yalo mbuzo okwamanje, okungenani hhayi ngokuqiniseka okungu-100%. Kodwa ngokusho kwabadali bephrojekthi, kungenzeka. Esimweni samanje, kuyadingeka ukulinda ukufika kwama-Mac nge-M1X noma i-M2 chips.
Kungaba njalo okuthakaselayo
Noma kunjalo, manje singajabula ngokuthi iphrojekthi ye-Asahi Linux iqhubekisele phambili izinyathelo ezimbalwa. Yize izinkinga eziningi zisashoda, ngokwesibonelo ukwesekwa osekukhulunyiwe kokusheshisa kwe-GPU noma abashayeli abathile, kusewuhlelo olusebenzisekayo impela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okwamanje kukhona umbuzo wokuthi le ngxenye izohamba kuphi ngempela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
