Peter Binder USteve Jobs akakaze asebenze kwa-Apple, ayisungule ngokuhlanganyela, kusukela yasungulwa kuze kube yimanje. Kodwa wenzeni phakathi?
USteve Jobs, kanye noSteve Wozniak noRonald Wayne, basungula le nkampani ngo-April 1, 1976. Ngaleso sikhathi, yayibizwa ngokuthi i-Apple Computer, Inc. Ngemva kweminyaka eminingana eyimpumelelo, ngo-1983 uSteve Jobs wancenga lowo owayeyi-CEO ye-PepsiCo - uJohn Sculley ukuthi abambisane nesitatimende esikhumbulekayo: "Ufuna ukuqhubeka uthengisa amanzi ahlanzekile impilo yakho yonke, noma ufuna ukuhamba nami sishintshe umhlaba?"
U-Sculley ushiye isikhundla esithembisayo kwa-PepsiCo ukuze abe yi-CEO ye-Apple. Ubudlelwano bokuqala be-Jobs & Sculley duo babonakala bunganyakazi. Abezindaba babebathanda futhi baba imilomo yemboni yamakhompyutha. Ngo-1984, Imisebenzi yethula ikhompyutha yokuqala ye-Macintosh. Kodwa ukuthengisa akukhazimuli. U-Sculley uzama ukuhlela kabusha i-Apple. Ubeka iMisebenzi esikhundleni lapho engenalo nhlobo ithonya ekusebenzeni kwenkampani. Izingxabano zokuqala ezingathi sína zivela, kulesi simo u-Wozniak ushiya i-Apple.
Imisebenzi iyathakazelisa futhi izama ukususa u-Sculley. Umthumela ngohambo lwebhizinisi oluya eChina alwenzile. Kodwa uSculley uthola ngakho. Imisebenzi ivalwa unomphela, iyeka futhi ishiya i-Apple nezisebenzi ezimbalwa. Udayisa wonke amasheya agcine elilodwa. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, wathola inkampani ye-truc i-NeXT Computer. Ithimba elincane lonjiniyela lenze ikhompuyutha yangokwezifiso ye-NeXT enephrosesa ye-Motorola 68040, iphrinta, isistimu yokusebenza, kanye nesethi yamathuluzi okuthuthukisa. Ngo-1989, inguqulo yokuqala yokugcina ye-NEXTSTEP yabona ukukhanya kosuku.
Ikhompyutha emnyama isasele iminyaka eminingana ngaphambi komncintiswano. Ochwepheshe bajabule ngomkhiqizo omusha we-Jobs. Amakhasimende aqaphe kakhulu, ikhompuyutha ayidayisi kahle. Intengo iphezulu kakhulu. Imboni ngokwayo ivaliwe, kwakhiqizwa amakhompyutha angu-50 000 kuphela. Ngo-1993, i-NeXT Computer, Inc. uqamba kabusha ku-NeXT Software, Inc. Isistimu yokusebenza ye-NEXTSTEP ifakwe kuma-Intel, PA-RISC namaphrosesa we-SPARC ukuze iphatheke kalula. I-NeXTSTEP yayizoba uhlelo lwama-90s. Kodwa wayekude nokufinyelela lo mgomo.
I-NeXTSTEP isuselwe kukhodi yomthombo ye-BSD Unix evela eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia e-Berkeley. I-Unix egxile entweni, uma iqhathaniswa ne-Mac OS ne-Windows eqhudelanayo, izinzile futhi inokusekelwa okuhle kakhulu kwamathuluzi enethiwekhi. I-Display PostScript Level 2 kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe boMbala Weqiniso kusetshenziselwa ukubonisa nokuphrinta imibhalo. I-Multimedia iyindaba. I-imeyili ye-NeXTmail ayisekeli kuphela amafayela e-Rich Text Format (RTF) kodwa futhi umsindo nemifanekiso.
Isiphequluli sokuqala se-inthanethi i-WorldWideWeb naso sathuthukiswa endaweni ye-NEXTSTEP. U-John Caramack udale imidlalo yakhe emibili edume kakhulu ku-NeXTcube: I-Doom ne-Wolfenstein 3D. Iparele ukuthi ngo-1993 NEXTSTEP wasekela izilimi eziyisithupha - kuhlanganise Czech.
Inguqulo yokugcina ezinzile yesistimu yayibhalwe ukuthi 3.3 futhi yakhululwa ngoFebhuwari 1995.
Okwamanje, izinkinga ziyeza kwa-Apple kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Ukuthengiswa kwamakhompyutha kuyehla, ukwenziwa kwesimanjemanje kwesistimu yokusebenza kuhlehliswa njalo. USteve Jobs uqashwe ngo-1996 njengomeluleki wangaphandle. Kufanele isize ekukhetheni isistimu yokusebenza eseyilungile. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ngoDisemba 20, 1996, i-Apple ithenga i-NeXT Software, Inc. ngo-$429 million. Imisebenzi iba yi-CEO "yesikhashana" ngomholo we-$1 ngonyaka.
Ngakho-ke uhlelo lwe-NeXT lwabeka izisekelo zesistimu yokusebenza ye-Mac OS ethuthukayo. Uma ungangikholwa, bukela ividiyo ebanzi ngezansi lapho osemusha uSteve Jobs, ngaphandle komfaniswano wakhe wamanje, ethula uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-NeXT. Izinto esizaziyo enguqulweni yamanje ye-Mac OS ziyabonakala kuzo zonke izinyathelo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi idokodo elibonisiwe noma imenyu yezinhlelo zokusebenza ngazinye, amawindi anyakazayo kuhlanganise nokubonisa okuqukethwe kwawo, njll. Kukhona ukufana nje lapha, hhayi okuncane ncamashi. Ividiyo iphinde ikhombise ukuthi i-NeXT yayingaphelelwa yisikhathi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi idale uhlelo oluhle kakhulu lwe-Mac OS, olunconywa abalandeli nabasebenzisi be-Apple.
Umthombo: www.tuaw.com
ngomzuzu 1:50 ngangesaba ukuthi Illustrator izoqala lapho :) kodwa noma kunjalo, yeka ukubikezela okufanele
indumiso encane ye-Macintosh, huh :D
Hhayi-ke... kukhona engikushoyo lapho... I-turtleneck emnyama nejini...
Well nwm hey... Lesi sihloko sihle, kodwa udinga ukusibheka ku-wikipedia :D btw: Ngicabanga ukuthi unokunganembi okumbalwa lapho... "Ngesikhathi uSteve Jobs ebuyela ku-Apple ngo-1996, isinyathelo sokuqala kwaba thenga i-NeXT ngezigidi ezingu-400 Uma ngikhumbula kahle, kwakuhlukile - i-Apple yayifuna isiqondiso esisha sezinhlelo zokusebenza futhi bacabanga ukuthi isistimu yokusebenza ye-NeXT eyayivela ngaleso sikhathi yayiyinhle kakhulu, nayo abayithenga ngo-96 ... khumbula kahle ukuthi yayiyini amaqhinga ayelapho, kodwa uSteve Jobs wathola ingxenye yemali eyizigidi ezingu-400 kumasheya akwa-Apple... kamuva, lapho inkampani ingamakota ama-3 ngaphambi kokuwa okuphelele, uSteve wabuyela esitokisini senkampani ;-)
Siyabonga ngesikhumbuzi. Ngilungise futhi ngengeza amagama esihlokweni nakweminye imininingwane.