UJiří Filip Kuningi okwenzeka emkhakheni wezezimali ngoMashi. Sikubonile ukuwa kwamabhange amakhulu, ukuntengantenga okuphezulu ezimakethe zezimali, nokudideka phakathi kwabatshalizimali bendawo mayelana neminikelo ye-ETF. U-Vladimír Holovka, umqondisi wezohwebo we-XTB, uphendule zonke lezi zihloko.
Ezinsukwini ezisanda kwedlula kube nezinkulumo eziningi mayelana nabathengi abaqhudelanayo abadonsa ama-ETF amaningi adumile ekunikezeni kwabo, kungenzeka yini ukuthi lokhu kube njalo nange-XTB?
Yebo, sisiphawulile lesi sihloko samanje. Ngokombono wethu, i-XTB iyaqhubeka nokufeza zonke izidingo ezidingekayo zomthethonqubo waseYurophu noma wasekhaya. I-XTB ihlinzeka ngezinguqulo zesi-Czech noma zesi-Slovak Zamadokhumenti Olwazi Oluyinhloko, ama-KID afushanisiwe, kumathuluzi ayo okutshala akhishwe. Endabeni yamathuluzi e-ETF, i-XTB isebenza kulokho okuthiwa ubudlelwano bokubulala kuphela ngaphandle kokubonisana, okungukuthi isibopho sezinguqulo zasendaweni zama-KID ngokuya nge-CNB asisebenzi kulezi zimo. Ngakho-ke i-XTB isengakwazi ukunikeza ngaphandle kwenkinga ETF kumakhasimende ethu akhona namasha, ngaphezu kwalokho azikho izimali zokwenziwe ezifika ku-€100 ngenyanga.
Njengamanje izindlu eziningi zamabhange zinengcindezi kanti ezinye zidonsa kanzima izinkinga ezikhona. Ingabe bukhona ubungozi bento efana nalena nomthengisi?
Ngokujwayelekile cha. Iphuzu ukuthi ibhizinisi imodeli yebhange kanye nendlu yomthengisi ihluke kakhulu. Abathengisi abalawulwayo nabanelayisense endaweni yaseYurophu banesibopho sokubhalisa izimali zamaklayenti kanye namathuluzi okutshala kuma-akhawunti ahlukene, ngaphandle kwawabo avamile, asetshenziselwa ukusebenza kwenkampani. Lapha, ngokubona kwami, umehluko oyisisekelo kumabhange endabuko, anakho konke enqwabeni eyodwa. Ngakho-ke uma unomthengisi omkhulu onesiko leminyaka eminingi, onemithetho futhi ehambisana nemithetho ye-EU, ungalala ngokuthula..
Esimeni sokuqothuka okucatshangelwayo kwenkampani yabathengisi, ingabe amaklayenti azolahlekelwa yimpahla yawo noma izibambiso?
Njengoba ngishilo, izindlu zama-brokerage ezilawulwayo zirekhoda izibambiso zamaklayenti kanye nempahla ehlukahlukene ngokwehlukana nezimali zazo. Ngisho uma kube nokuphahlazeka, ukutshalwa kwezimali kweklayenti akufanele kuthinteke. Okuwukuphela kwengozi ukuthi iklayenti ngeke likwazi ukulahla izimali ezitshaliwe kuze kube yilapho kuqokwa umphathiswa ozonquma ukuthi lizochithwa kanjani izimpahla zamakhasimende. Amakhasimende azothathwa omunye umthengisi, noma amakhasimende ngokwawo azobuza ukuthi afuna ukudlulisa kuphi izimpahla zawo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke umthengisi unesibopho sokuba yilungu lesikhwama sesiqinisekiso, esinganxephezela amakhasimende alimele, ngokuvamile afinyelela ku-EUR 20.
Uma umuntu okwamanje efuna umthengisi omusha, yiziphi izici okufanele azibheke futhi yini okufanele aziqaphele?
Ngiyajabula ukuthi kule minyaka engu-5 edlule, imakethe ye-brokerage isilinywe kakhulu futhi kukhona ambalwa nambalwa amabhizinisi angabalulekile kangako. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lesi sikhathi esinzima sokwehla kwamandla emali okuphakeme kanye nokuncipha kokukhula komnotho siyathandeka kulabo abafuna ukuheha abangaqaphile futhi banikeze izinzuzo ezithile eziqinisekisiwe ngengozi encane. Ngakho-ke yisona sizathu sokuthi uhlale uqaphile. Isihlungi esilula ukuthi umthengisi onikeziwe ungaphansi kwemithetho ye-EU noma cha. Umthethonqubo ongewona owaseYurophu ungenza isimo sibe nzima kakhulu kumtshali-zimali uma enganelisekile nganoma yimiphi imisebenzi yomthengisi. Esinye isici yisikhathi somdayisi.Kukhona amabhizinisi ahlose ukulimaza amakhasimende awo, futhi uma isithunzi sawo sesibi ngandlela thile, avala inkampani yokuqala futhi aqale ibhizinisi elisha - ngegama elihlukile, kodwa elinabantu abafanayo nemikhuba efanayo. Futhi lena indlela eziphinda ngayo. Lokhu ngokuvamile akusebenzi kubadayisi bokugcina, ababizwa ngokuthi abathengisi bezibambiso, kodwa kubaxhumanisi babo (abaxhumanisi bezokutshalwa kwezimali noma abameleli ababoshiwe). Uma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukhetha izinsizakalo zomthengisi osungulwe neminyaka eminingi yesipiliyoni, cishe ngeke wenze iphutha.
Ngabe isimo samanje ekuhwebeni kwamasheya emhlabeni jikelele siyithinta kanjani imisebenzi yakho kanye nemisebenzi yamakhasimende e-XTB?
Uma izimakethe zizolile, abathengisi nabo bazolile. Nokho, okufanayo akunakushiwo mayelana namasonto ambalwa adlule. Kunemicimbi eminingi ezimakethe, futhi ukunyakaza kwezimakethe zomhlaba kubalulekile kuzo zombili izinkomba. Ngakho-ke, siphinde sizame ukusebenza kakhulu futhi sazise amaklayenti ethu ngesivinini esithe xaxa kanye nevolumu, ukuze akwazi ukuziqondisa kangcono endaweni eshintsha ngokushesha. Kuseyiqiniso lokho uma kwenzeka okuthile ezimakethe, kudonsa ukunaka kwazo zonke izinhlobo zabahwebi nabatshalizimali. Amathuba okutshala imali anesaphulelo esithakazelisayo anikezwa abatshalizimali besikhathi eside. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kubathengisi abasebenzayo, ukuguquguquka okukhulu kuhlale kwamukelekile, njengoba amathuba amaningi esikhashana avela, kokubili ekuqondeni kokukhula kwentengo kanye nokwehla kwentengo.Kodwa-ke, wonke umuntu kufanele azinqumele ukuthi uyafuna ukusizakala ngalezi zimo noma aphume emakethe. Yiqiniso, akukho lutho lwamahhala futhi yonke into inengozi, uyazi wonke umtshali-zimali osebenzayo kufanele azi futhi akwazi ukuhlola lezi zingozi maqondana nephrofayili yakhe yokutshala imali.
Isiphi iseluleko ongasinikeza kubatshalizimali abakhona nabahwebi besikhashana kulesi simo?
Wasebenzise amathuba kodwa zigcine upholile. Ngiyazi ukuthi kungase kubonakale kuwumbono nje, kodwa isikhathi asihlali sigeleza ngendlela efanayo ezimakethe zezimali. Kwesinye isikhathi izehlakalo eziningi kanye namathuba zenzeka emasontweni ambalwa njengoba kwesinye isikhathi kuthatha iminyaka. Ngisho kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenze kakhulu kulezi zikhathi, wenze umsebenzi wakho wesikole ngendlela yokufunda nokuhlaziya, ngoba uma wazi kahle ngezikhathi lapho izimakethe zihlanya, ungathola isiqalo esihle kakhulu sekhanda lakho. imiphumela yokuhweba nokutshalwa kwezimali.Kodwa-ke, uma ungenzi ngokuhlakanipha nangekhanda elipholile, khona-ke ngokuphambene nalokho, ungathola indlebe enhle evela ezimakethe.. Noma, njengoba ngishilo, ungahlala ngaphandle kwemakethe, kodwa-ke awukwazi ukuzibeka icala ngokungawuthengi ngenkathi wawusobala.
Ingabe i-XTB ihlela okuthile okuthakazelisayo esikhathini esizayo esiseduze?
Ngokuqondana sihlela unyaka ozayo ngoMgqibelo zingama-25 kuNdasa Ingqungquthela yokuhweba nge-inthanethi. Uma sicabangela izenzakalo zamanje ezimakethe, sinesikhathi esihle uma siqhathaniswa, njengoba siphinde sakwazi ukumema abadayisi abanolwazi nabahlaziyi abazosiza ngokuqinisekile bonke ababukeli ukuthi babhekane nesimo samanje. Ukufinyelela kule ngqungquthela eku-inthanethi kumahhala, futhi wonke umuntu uthola isixhumanisi sokusakaza ngemva kokubhalisa okufushane. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uthuthuke njalo futhi uvumelanise izindlela namasu akho endaweni yemakethe yamanje.
Ingabe ingqungquthela yokuhweba isho ukuthi ngempela eyabahwebi besikhathi esifushane kuphela, noma ungancoma ukubamba iqhaza nakubatshalizimali besikhathi eside?
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi izimiso namasu amaningi azoqondiswa kakhulu kubahwebi besikhathi esifushane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isibonelo ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kwemvelo enkulu kanye neminye imithelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezinyanga ezizayo nakho kuzothokozelwa ngabatshalizimali besikhathi eside. Isibonelo, umhlaziyi we-XTB u-Štěpán Hájek noma umphathi wezezimali oyimfihlo u-David Monoszon uzohlinzeka ngokuqonda kwabo. Angibheke phambili kuphela emiphumeleni yabo, ngoba bangabeka intuthuko yezomnotho omkhulu, indima yamabhange amakhulu futhi, okokugcina, umsebenzi wabadlali bemakethe ngabanye endaweni ebanzi.
UVladimir Holovka
Uthole iziqu e-University of Economics ePrague, wenza izifundo zezezimali. Ujoyine inkampani yabathengi i-XTB ngo-2010, kusukela ngo-2013 ube yinhloko yomnyango wezokuthengisa eCzech Republic, Slovakia naseHungary. Ngokomsebenzi, ugxile ekuhlaziyeni ubuchwepheshe, ukwakha amasu ebhizinisi, inqubomgomo yezimali kanye nokwakheka kwezimakethe zezimali. Ubheka ukulawulwa kwezinhlekelele okungaguquki, ukuphathwa kahle kwemali kanye nokuziphatha njengezimo zokuhweba okuphumelelayo isikhathi eside.
Lesi sihloko ngisibheka njengesidukisayo.