Pavel Jelic Ezitolimende ezidlule zochungechunge lwethu lwezithombe ze-Profi iPhone, sike salubheka izici nolunye ulwazi okufanele uluhlole ngaphambi kokudubula. Uma ufuna ukuthola ukuthi ziyini ngempela lezi zici, qhubeka ufunda okokugcina, okwesibili ingxenye, ukuze ungaphuthelwa lolu lwazi olubalulekile. Isiqephu sanamuhla sizoba ingxenye yokugcina ithiyori – sizobheka imiqondo esemqoka, ezihambisana nokuthatha izithombe. Ezingxenyeni ezilandelayo, sizogxila kuzo isithombe sithwebule uqobo, bese kungene uchungechunge olulandelayo ndawonye sizobheka ukukhiqizwa kokuthunyelwe kanye nokuhlelwa kwesithombe kuhlelo lokusebenza I-Lightroom eyenziwe nge-Adobe. Ngakho-ke hlala futhi ufunde imigqa elandelayo.
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Imiqondo ehlobene nezithombe
Njengoba ngishilo engxenyeni yokugcina yochungechunge lwethu, kuhlelo lokusebenza lwendabuko Ikhamera, etholakala ku-iOS, izinketho eziningi ze asinazo izilungiselelo zesithombe. Nokho, uma sifinyelela isicelo, isibonelo I-Obscura noma I-Halide, ngakho iba khona kithi ukulawula okwenziwa ngesandla cishe zonke izilungiselelo ezingalungiswa ngaphakathi kwekhamera ye-iPhones. Le ngxenye izohloselwe ikakhulukazi abasebenzisi abazozama izilungiselelo zekhamera ezenziwa ngesandla ngolunye lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezishiwo. Noma kunjalo, uma ungomunye walabo basebenzisi abazofuna ukushiya wonke umzamo wokuzenzakalela, kufanele imigomo ngezansi naphezu yazi.
Igalari yezithombe
Ukuchayeka
Ukuchayeka kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu lapho uthatha izithombe. Lolu uhlobo "lwesifinyezo" sezilungiselelo zizonke zekhamera ngaphambi kokudubula. Ukuchayeka kuqukethe izingxenye ezintathu, Okuhlanganisa okuvezayo isikhathi, indawo yokungena kanye nokuzwela kwe-ISO. Uma usetha enye yale mingcele ngaphambi kokuthatha isithombe kabi, ngakho-ke ezimweni eziningi ungakwazi ukudlula ngesithombe esithathwe kahle valelisa Ungaqinisekisa kuphela lawa manani ngokuwasetha ngendlela efanele isithombe sekhwalithi ephezulu, esibukhali nesingafiphaziwe. Isamba senani lokuchayeka akumele libe liningi phezulu, futhi lokhu ukuze okuthiwa isithombe esivezwe ngokweqile futhi-ke akumele kube kuningi kakhulu futhi phansi, ukuze okuthiwa obala kancane isithombe. Ukuchayeka kungavezwa kalula kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi unxantathu wokuchayeka, ongakubuka ngezansi.
Isikhathi sokuchayeka
Uma utshuza ekusetheni isikhathi sokuchayeka, ngakho-ke kufanele wazi ngaphambili ukuthi yinani elivezwe kulo amayunithi esikhathi. Lesi silungiselelo sesikhathi sibonisa ukuthi sizohlala isikhathi esingakanani ishutha yekhamera ivuliwe. I-shutter iqinisekisa isikhathi emva kwalokho izoba senzwa yesithombe ukubamba ukukhanya. Empeleni, isivinini se-shutter eside sisetshenziswa uma ufuna isithombe ngandlela thize ukufiphala – ungawubona lo “mphumela”, ngokwesibonelo, ezithombeni zemvelo lapho umthwebuli wezithombe ethatha khona izithombe amanzi agelezayo (isibonelo emfudlaneni). Amanzi mahle kakhulu ephucuziwe futhi lifiphele futhi umphumela uthakazelisa kakhulu. Kulokhu, noma kunjalo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa kathathu, ngoba ngisho nokunyakaza okuncane nedivayisi kungabangela ukufiphalisa sonke isithombe hhayi nje amanzi azihambelayo. Uma kwenzeka ufuna ukurekhoda kuphela umzuzwana owodwa omfushane isibonelo at ezemidlalo. noma imoto edlulayo, ngakho kudingekile ukusetha ngaphansi isikhathi sokuchayeka. Isikhathi sokuchayeka sisethwe ngamavelu asuka izinkulungwane zesekhondi kuze kube yisikhathi imizuzwana embalwa okuyibanga elikhulu lapho ungadlala khona.
Izithombe ezithathwe ngokuchayeka isikhathi eside:
Igalari yezithombe
Imbobo
Imbobo yingxenye yekhamera eyakhiwe ngayo i-lamellas yensimbi ehlukile. Lawa ma-slats angalungiswa njengoba kudingeka vula noma vala. Imbobo, ngokuvula kwayo (noma ukuvala), inquma kungakanani ukukhanya okungawa kwinzwa yekhamera. Kalula nje, uma ufuna isifinyezo mnyama, ngakho-ke i-lamellas yensimbi ngaphezulu vala ngalokho ishaya inzwa ukukhanya okuncane. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma udinga ukukhanya isithombe, ngakho slats metal bavule okuningi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte inzwa ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Imbobo ichazwa ngohlamvu emhlabeni wekhamera f. Kufanele ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi ikhamera ye-iPhone yakho nayo inale nombolo yokuvula. Ini ezinkulu bangakha i-lamellae ukuvula Pro ukubamba ukukhanya I-Violet ezincane je inombolo yokuvula izinzwa. Ngakho kuyiqiniso lokho incane inombolo ka-f, iba ngcono. Inzwa enenombolo-f encane ingahlala ukukhanya okwengeziwe okungaba usizo uma uthatha izithombe izimo zokukhanyisa ezimbi kakhulu. Ku-iPhone XS, isibonelo, inombolo yokuvula ilensi enkulu ye-wide angle f/1.8. i-telephoto lens ibe ne-aperture f/ 2.4.
ISO
I-Hodnota ISO usetha indinganiso emhlabeni wamakhamera ukuzwela. Ini ngaphezulu usetha ukuzwela ISO, I-Violet Okuningi kuzoba inzwa phendula ekukhanyeni. Kusho nje lokho liphezulu inani le-ISO olisethile, okuningi kuzoba isithombe esiwumphumela kucace kakhudlwana. Kulokhu, udinga ukuqaphela, njengakwamanye amanani, kuvuliwe izilungiselelo ezilungile. Uma usetha ukuzwela kwe-ISO ku inani liphezulu kakhulu kungaba isithombe kuphela ikhanvasi emhlophe, ekhanyayo ngemivimbo embalwa. Uma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, usetha ukuzwela kwe-ISO ku inani liphansi kakhulu kuzoba nesithombe kumnyama kakhulu noma mnyama. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukucabangela lokho ngalokho i-ISO ephezulu usetha (ngokuya ngezimo zokukhanya ezizungezile), yilapho uzozabalaza nakakhulu kowamanqamu umsindo. Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi ubuzokwenza ISO wayebheke okuzungezile izimo zokukhanyisa misa encane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze isithombe sibukeke singcono nakakhulu. Uma udubula ebumnyameni ngenani eliphezulu le-ISO, umsindo uzovela esithombeni esiwumphumela.
Ibhalansi emhlophe
Nakuba lo mqondo ungasahlobene ngokuphelele nonxantathu wokuchayeka, usekhona baluleke kakhulu. Ibhalansi emhlophe kufanele ibekwe kuye ngokuthi ukuphi. Kuwuhlobo oluthile umbala omhlophe "ukulinganisa". - isibonelo, uma usendlini lapho ikhona ukukhanya okwenziwayo, ngakho umbala omhlophe ungavela luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomaokuphuzi. Ngokulinganisa okumhlophe, ungakwazi "ukuhlanekezela" lokhu qeda. Abathwebuli bezithombe bavame ukulinganisa ibhalansi emhlophe ngokubeka ilensi phambi kwabo iphepha elimhlophe (noma yini enye emhlophe qwa) bese usetha ikhamera ukuthi ibe emhlophe sibili.
Qalisa kabusha
Ngakho ngingathanda le ngxenye yesithathu yochungechunge lwethu waqeda "ukufundisa" kwethiyori. Sikhulume ngezinto eziyisisekelo okudingeka uzazi ngokuthatha izithombe. Engxenyeni elandelayo, sizobheka isithombe sithwebule uqobo usebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwendabuko Ikhamera, kodwa futhi usebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza mnyama, enikeza izinketho eziningi ezengeziwe zezilungiselelo zekhamera ezenziwa ngesandla. Ngokushesha nje lapho sesivuthele isithombe sangempela ngokwaso, sikuhlaka uchungechunge olulandelayo ake sibheke ukuhlela isithombe ngemuva kokukhiqiza, ngokukhethekile kuhlelo lokusebenza I-Adobe Lightroom. Ngokuqinisekile umagazini Isikhethi se-apula qhubeka ubukele ukuze ungaphuthelwa ezinye iziqephu nochungechunge. Zonke izingxenye kusukela ochungechungeni Iphrofayili yezithombe ze-iPhone ingabukwa ngokusebenzisa lesi sixhumanisikuqhubeke olunye uchungechunge ungabheka emva kwalokho lapha.
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Amaya Toman 