U-Vratislav Holub I-TikTok yinto yamanje emkhakheni wezokuxhumana nabantu. Idume kakhulu cishe kuwo wonke amaqembu eminyaka futhi inikeza indlela entsha uma kuqhathaniswa yokusebenzisa okuqukethwe. Wakwazi ukuthola ukuthandwa ngokumisa umqondo omusha ngendlela yamavidiyo amafushane (ekuqaleni amasekhondi angu-15 ubude). Yize iTikTok ithokozela ukuthandwa okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla, kuseyiva kubantu abaningi. Futhi ngesizathu esilula uma kuqhathaniswa - uhlelo lokusebenza lwesiShayina, noma kunalokho isofthiwe ethuthukiswa e-China, engamelela ubungozi obuthile bokuphepha.
Kungaba njalo okuthakaselayo
Ukundiza emhlabeni wonke nge-Apple Ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi osopolitiki emazweni ahlukahlukene bafuna ukuvinjelwa kwawo ngezizathu zokuthi kungase kube usongo ekuvikelekeni kombuso onikeziwe. Owokuqala owathatha isinyathelo esiwujuqu kwaba yiNdiya. Izwe lesibili elinabantu abaningi emhlabeni linqume ukuyivala unomphela i-TikTok ngenxa yosongo lwezokuphepha olungase lube khona. I-Afghanistan yalandela njengeyesibili ngo-2021, lapho inhlangano eqinile yeTaliban ithatha izintambo ezweni. Besisazothola uhlobo oluthile lokwenqatshelwa e-United States of America. Ezinye izifundazwe zivimbele i-TikTok ezikhungweni zikahulumeni nezikahulumeni, futhi ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo. Kodwa ingabe ukukhathazeka kuyathetheleleka? Ingabe i-TikTok iyingozi ngempela kwezokuphepha?
Impumelelo yenethiwekhi yeTikTok
I-TikTok ibilokhu inathi kusukela ngo-2016. Phakathi nokuba khona kwayo, ikwazile ukuzuza idumela elimangalisayo futhi ngaleyo ndlela yafanela indima yeyodwa yamanethiwekhi adume kakhulu nadume kakhulu. Lokhu kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ama-algorithms ayo ahlakaniphile okuncoma okuqukethwe. Kuya ngokuthi yini oyibuka kuwebhu, uzonikezwa amavidiyo ahlobene kakhulu. Ekugcineni, ungasebenzisa kalula amahora ubukele i-TikTok, njengoba uboniswa okuqukethwe okuthokozisayo ngokungapheli. Yilokhu kanye lapho inethiwekhi ishaye khona lokho okuthiwa kwesokudla kumaki futhi yazihlukanisa nomncintiswano, ngakho-ke yaphendula ngokufanele. Isibonelo, ku-Facebook, Instagram noma ku-Twitter, usanda kuskrola kokuqukethwe oku-odwe ngokulandelana kwezikhathi - lapho nje uphenya yonke into entsha, uboniswe okuthunyelwe osuvele ukubonile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ubungenasizathu sokuhlala kunethiwekhi, ungavala uhlelo lokusebenza futhi uqhubeke nemisebenzi yakho.
I-TikTok iphihlize lo “mthetho” othunjiwe waba izinkulungwane zezingcezu ezincane futhi yabonisa ukuthi amandla awo ayinhloko akuphi. Ngenxa yokuboniswa njalo kokuqukethwe okusha nokusha, kungagcina abasebenzisi be-inthanethi isikhathi eside. Uma isikhathi eside esichithwa, kuboniswa izikhangiso ezengeziwe = inzuzo eyengeziwe ye-ByteDance, inkampani ephethe i-TikTok. Kungakho amanye amanethiwekhi ebambekile kulo mkhuba futhi abheja kumodeli efanayo.
Ingosi yokuxhumana evamile noma usongo?
Kodwa manje ake sigxile entweni ebaluleke kakhulu. Ingabe i-TikTok iwusongo lwezokuphepha ngempela noma ingabe inethiwekhi evamile yokuxhumana nabantu? Ngeshwa, ayikho impendulo engacacile kulo mbuzo, ngakho-ke ingasondelwa kusuka kumaphuzu amabili wokubuka. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokomqondisi we-FBI okuthiwa uChris Wray, kuyingozi ephawulekayo emazweni azisa izindinganiso zaseNtshonalanga. Ngokusho kwakhe, i-People's Republic of China inamandla okusebenzisa ukusabalala kwenethiwekhi ngezinhloso ezahlukene, kusukela ekugebheni lawo magugu aseNtshonalanga, ngokusebenzisa ubunhloli, ukuqhubekisela phambili i-ajenda yayo. UThomas Germain, intatheli yengosi yezobuchwepheshe ehlonishwayo iGizmodo, unesikhundla esifanayo. Uzwakalise ukukhathazeka kwakhe mayelana nokuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lweTikTok lusesha abathintwayo kudivayisi yomsebenzisi, ngaleyo ndlela bathole ukufinyelela olwazini olubalulekile nedatha.
Igalari yezithombe
Nakuba ezinye izinkundla zokuxhumana zenza okufanayo, ingozi enkulu lapha futhi isukela eqinisweni lokuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lwesiShayina. Uma sibheka uhlelo olukhona e-China, ukukhathazeka okunjalo kuyafaneleka. I-China yaziwa ngobunhloli bayo, ukuqapha njalo izakhamuzi zayo kanye uhlelo lwezikweletu olukhethekile, ukucindezelwa kwamalungelo abantu abambalwa kanye nezinye eziningi "ezingalungile". Ngamafuphi, kusobala kuwo wonke umuntu ukuthi i-Chinese Communist Party iphethe amanani ahluke kakhulu kunezwe laseNtshonalanga.
Kungaba njalo okuthakaselayo
Ukukhathazeka ≠ ukusongela
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyadingeka ukugcina umbono osangulukile. I-Internet Governance Project e-Georgia Tech nayo iphawule ngalo lonke udaba, olushicilele yonke into izifundo esihlokweni esinikeziwe. Okusho ukuthi, ukuthi i-TikTok imele ngempela usongo lwezokuphepha kuzwelonke (e-United States of America). Nakuba singezwa ukukhathazeka okuvela emilonyeni yezikhulu eziningi ezibalulekile kanye nezibalo ezinethonya - isibonelo, kusukela kumqondisi we-FBI okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, izigele ezihlukahlukene, amalungu eCongress nabanye abaningi - akekho kubo okuqinisekisiwe kuze kube manje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ucwaningo olushiwo lubonisa, empeleni kuphambene ncamashi.
Ucwaningo luveza ukuthi inethiwekhi ye-TikTok iwuhlelo lwezentengiso kuphela hhayi ithuluzi likahulumeni lePeople's Republic of China. Ukwengeza, ukwakheka kwenhlangano ye-ByteDance kukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi inethiwekhi iyazihlukanisa maqondana nezimakethe zaseShayina nezamazwe ngamazwe, lapho i-PRC ikwazi khona ukufinyelela kusevisi yendawo kodwa ayikwazi ukusebenza emhlabeni jikelele. Ngendlela efanayo, isibonelo, inethiwekhi ezweni lakithi noma e-USA ayinayo imithetho efana nezwe lakubo, lapho izinto eziningi zivinjiwe futhi zihlolwe, esivele singahlangani nazo lapha. Kulokhu, ngokwemiphumela yocwaningo, akukho okumele sikhathazeke ngakho.
Kepha ochwepheshe bayaqhubeka nokusho ukuthi kusenezingozi ezithile ezivela ekusebenziseni uhlelo. Idatha eqoqwa yi-TikTok, ngokwezinga le-theory, ingase ihlukunyezwe. Kodwa akulula kangako. Lesi sitatimende sisebenza kuwo wonke amanethiwekhi omphakathi ngaphandle kokukhetha. Kubalulekile futhi ukubona ukuthi amanethiwekhi omphakathi ngokujwayelekile aqoqa futhi abelane ngedatha eminingi ehlukene. Ngakho-ke, i-China ayidingi ngisho nanoma yiliphi igunya elikhethekile phezu kwe-ByteDance. Idatha eminingi ingafundwa kumathuluzi omthombo ovulekile asetshenziselwa ukuqoqa idatha etholakalayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inkampani ethile iyabambisana noma cha. Kodwa ngisho nakulokhu, lokhu "kusongela" kusebenza futhi kuwo wonke amanethiwekhi omphakathi jikelele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvinjelwa okuqinisekile bekungeke kulimaze izakhamizi zaseMelika kuphela. Njengenye yezinkundla zokuxhumana ezidume kakhulu namuhla, iTikTok "idala" imisebenzi eminingi emhlabeni wokukhangisa. Laba bantu bebezophelelwa umsebenzi kungazelelwe. Ngokufanayo, abatshalizimali abahlukahlukene bazolahlekelwa yisamba esikhulu semali. Ngezansi, i-TikTok ayilona usongo kunezinye izinkundla zokuxhumana. Okungenani lokho kulandela kusuka ezishiwo izifundo. Noma kunjalo, kufanele sikhulume nayo ngokuqapha. Uma kubhekwa amandla ayo, ama-algorithms athuthukile, kanye nesimo se-People's Republic of China, ukukhathazeka kunesizathu esizwakalayo, nakuba isimo manje sesilawulwa kakhulu.
Kungaba njalo okuthakaselayo
Uma i-Afghanistan iyindinganiso, khona-ke isihloko sinesilinganiso esiphezulu 👍
Ngizocabanga ukuthi kungani ushiye ngaphandle i-India yokuqala eshiwo nge-USA. Cishe awunamandla aphelele.