Izinhlobo Zokuboniswa Kweselula: Isho Ukuthini I-OLED, AMOLED, Retina nokunye?

U omakhalekhukhwini sivame ukuhlangana namalebula ahlukene ezibonisi zawo. Kodwa-ke, ubuchwepheshe be-LCD obusetshenziswa kabanzi buthathelwe indawo yi-OLED, lapho, ngokwesibonelo, i-Samsung ingeza amalebula ahlukahlukene kuyo. Ukuze okungenani ube nokucaca okuncane, ngezansi ungabona ukubuka konke kobuchwepheshe obungasetshenziswa ekubonisweni okuhlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Retina iyilebula nje lokumaketha.

I-LCD

I-liquid crystal display iyidivayisi ebonisa izacile neyisicaba ehlanganisa inombolo elinganiselwe yombala noma amaphikseli e-monochrome akleliswe ngaphambi komthombo wokukhanya noma isibonisi. Iphikseli ngalinye liqukethe ama-molecule ekristalu ewuketshezi abekwe phakathi kwama-electrode amabili asobala naphakathi kwezihlungi ezimbili ezihlukanisayo, ezinezimbazo ze-polarization perpendicular to another. Ngaphandle kwamakristalu phakathi kwezihlungi, ukukhanya okudlula kwisihlungi esisodwa kuzovinjwa esinye isihlungi.

OLED

I-Organic Light-Emitting Diode yitemu lesiNgisi elisho uhlobo lwe-LED (okungukuthi, ama-electroluminescent diode), lapho kusetshenziswa izinto eziphilayo njengezinto ze-electroluminescent. Lobu buchwepheshe busetshenziswa kaningi kumaselula, njengoba i-Apple yagcina ukubusebenzisa ku-iPhone 11, lapho iphothifoliyo yonke yamamodeli angu-12 ayeseshintshele ku-OLED. Kodwa noma kunjalo, kwathatha isikhathi eside impela, ngoba ubuchwepheshe buqala emuva ku-1987.

Igalari yezithombe

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Njengoba besho ngesiCzech I-Wikipedia, ngakho-ke isimiso sobuchwepheshe siwukuthi kunezingqimba eziningana zezinto eziphilayo phakathi kwe-anode esobala kanye ne-cathode yensimbi. Okwamanje lapho i-voltage isetshenziswa kwenye yezinkambu, amashaji amahle kanye namabi ayangeniswa, ahlanganisa ungqimba olukhiphayo futhi ngaleyo ndlela akhiqize imisebe yokukhanya.

I-PMOLED

Lezi izibonisi ezine-matrix ye-passive, elula futhi ethola ukusetshenziswa kwazo ikakhulukazi lapho, isibonelo, kufanele kuboniswe umbhalo kuphela. Njengezibonisi ze-LCD eziyingcaca ezilula, amaphikseli angawodwana alawulwa ngokungenzi lutho, ngegridi ye-matrix yezintambo eziphambana. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okuphezulu nokuboniswa okubi, ama-PMOLED afaneleka ngokukhethekile izibonisi ezinama-diagonal amancane.

I-AMOLED

Izibonisi ze-matrix ezisebenzayo zifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithatha igraphics ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu, okungukuthi ukubonisa ividiyo nezithombe, futhi zisetshenziswa kakhulu kumaselula. Ukushintsha kwe-pixel ngayinye kwenziwa yi-transistor yayo, evimbela, isibonelo, ukucwayiza kwamaphoyinti okufanele akhanyise phakathi nemijikelezo eminingana elandelanayo. Izinzuzo ezicacile imvamisa yesibonisi ephezulu, ukunikezwa kwesithombe okubukhali futhi, ekugcineni, ukusetshenziswa okuphansi. Ngokuphambene, ukungalungi kufaka phakathi isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sesibonisi futhi ngaleyo ndlela intengo yaso ephezulu.

FONGA

Lapha, isakhiwo se-OLED sibekwe phezu kwezinto eziguquguqukayo esikhundleni sengilazi. Lokhu kuvumela isibonisi ukuthi sijwayelane kangcono nendawo, njengedeshibhodi noma i-visor yesigqoko sokuzivikela noma izibuko. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo futhi ziqinisekisa ukumelana okukhulu komshini, njengokushaqeka nokuwa.

LAPHO

Lobu buchwepheshe benza kube nokwenzeka ukudala isibonisi esinokudluliswa kokukhanya okungafika ku-80%. Lokhu kutholakala nge-cathode esobala, i-anode ne-substrate, engaba ingilazi noma ipulasitiki. Lesi sici sivumela ulwazi ukuthi luboniswe endaweni yokubuka yomsebenzisi endaweni ebonisa ngale, okuyenza ibe seduze kakhulu ne-FOLED.

Ukuqokwa kwe-retina

Empeleni leli igama nje lokuhweba lezibonisi ezisuselwe kuphaneli ye-IPS noma ubuchwepheshe be-OLED obunokuminyana kwephikseli okuphezulu. Yebo isekelwa i-Apple, ebhaliswe njengophawu lokuhweba futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa yinoma yimuphi omunye umkhiqizi mayelana nezibonisi.

Isibonisi se-Samsung Galaxy S22 Ultra

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Lokhu kufana nelebula ye-Super AMOLED esetshenziswa abakwaSamsung kumadivayisi ayo. Izama ukwengeza amaphikseli amaningi kuyilapho inefomu elincanyana, isithombe esicacile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi.