Amaya Toman Amacala afakwe ngokumelene ne-Apple ngezizathu eziningi ezahlukene. Abanye banelukuluku lokufuna ukwazi, kodwa abanye ngokuvamile basekelwe eqinisweni. Ikakhulukazi, lokhu kufaka phakathi izinsolo zokuthi i-Apple izama ukusungula i-monopoly yayo futhi ivame ukukhohlisa izintengo zezinhlelo zokusebenza (hhayi kuphela). Icala elifakwe ngesonto eledlule ngokumelene nonjiniyela be-Apple kulokhu akulona lodwa noma elokuqala emlandweni.
Izingoma ezingu-1000 ephaketheni lakho - kuphela uma ziphuma ku-iTunes
Lapho umsunguli we-Apple uSteve Jobs ethula i-iPod yokuqala, waqinisekisa izinkampani zokuqopha ukuthi zamukele izinketho zamanani angaguquki-ngaleso sikhathi, amasenti angu-79, amasenti angu-99, kanye ne-$ 1,29 ngengoma ngayinye. I-Apple iqale yaqinisekisa ukuthi umculo oku-iPod ungadlalwa kuphela uma uvela esitolo se-iTunes noma kwi-CD ethengiswa ngokusemthethweni. Abasebenzisi abathole iqoqo labo lomculo ngezinye izindlela bavele baphelelwe yinhlanhla.
Lapho ama-Real Networks ethola ukuthi umculo ungawuthola kanjani esitolo sayo somculo we-Real uye ku-iPod ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1990, i-Apple yakhipha isibuyekezo sesoftware esibeka ama-Real Networks phezu komugqa. Lokhu kwalandelwa ingxabano yezomthetho eyathatha iminyaka eminingi, lapho kwaxazululwa khona ukuthi abasebenzisi abadawunilode umculo ovela ku-Real Music - nakuba bawuthole ngokusemthethweni - kuma-iPod abo, bawulahle ngenxa ye-Apple.
Incwadi uzungu
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, isibonelo, u-Apple wasolwa ngokuphatha ngokungafanele amanani ezincwadi ze-electronic endaweni ye-iBookstore yangaleso sikhathi. I-Apple isebenze njengomsabalalisi, ihlinzeka ngezincwadi zababhali endaweni yayo futhi ithatha ikhomishini engama-30% yokuthengisa. Ngo-2016, i-Apple yahlawuliswa u-$450 million yinkantolo ngokulungisa amanani esitolo se-iBooks.
Ngaleso sikhathi, inkantolo yabona njengeqiniso lokho ekuqaleni okwakubonakala kuwuzungu - ngokusekelwe esivumelwaneni esiyimfihlo nabashicileli, intengo evamile ye-e-book yenyuka isuka ku-$9,99 yokuqala yaya ku-$14,99. Ukwenyuka kwentengo kufike naphezu kwesimangalo sokuqala sikaSteve Jobs sokuthi amanani ezincwadi azohlala efana nalapho i-iPad ikhishwa.
U-Eddy Cue wafakazelwa ukuthi ubambe uchungechunge lwemihlangano eyimfihlo nabashicileli abaningana baseNew York lapho kwafinyelelwa khona isivumelwano sokubambisana mayelana nokwenyuka kwamanani ezincwadi. Kuso sonke lesi sigameko akuzange kube nokushoda kokuphika noma ngisho nokusula ama-imeyili okukhulunywa ngawo.
Nezinhlelo zokusebenza futhi
Ukumangalelwa ngokukhohlisa izintengo zohlelo lokusebenza noma ukukhetha isofthiwe ye-Apple kakade kuyisiko ngendlela ethile. Kusukela ezikhathini zamuva nje singakwazi, ngokwesibonelo, ingxabano eyaziwa kakhulu iSpotify vs. I-Apple Music, egcine iholele esikhalazweni esifakwe kuKhomishini yaseYurophu.
Ngesonto eledlule, abadali bohlelo lokusebenza lwezemidlalo i-Pure Sweat Basketball kanye nohlelo lokusebenza lwabazali abasha uLil' Baby Names baphendukele ku-Apple. Bafaka icala enkantolo yesifunda saseCalifornia besola u-Apple ngokuthatha “ukulawula okuphelele kwe-App Store” kanye nokukhohlisa amanani, i-Apple ezama ukukuqeda emqhudelwaneni.
Onjiniyela bakhathazekile ngezinga i-Apple elawula ngalo okuqukethwe kwe-App Store. Ukusatshalaliswa kwezicelo kwenzeka ngokuphelele ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwe-Apple, ekhokhisa ikhomishini engama-30% yokuthengisa. Lokhu kuyiva kubadali abaningi. Futhi ithambo lombango (sic!) iqiniso lokuthi ayibavumeli onjiniyela ukuthi behlise intengo yezinhlelo zabo zokusebenza ngaphansi kwamasenti angama-99.
Uma ungakuthandi, yiya ku-… Google
I-Apple iyazivikela ngokuqondakalayo ezinsolweni zokufuna ukuba yedwa kanye nokulawula okuphelele kwe-App Store futhi ithi ibilokhu ikhetha ukuncintisana. Uphendule isikhalo sikaSpotify ngokuthi inkampani ingathanda ukujabulela zonke izinzuzo ze-App Store ngaphandle kokubiza noma yini, futhi weluleka abathuthukisi abangeneme ukuthi basebenzisane ne-Google uma bekhathazwa yi-App Store.
Uyenqaba ngokuqinile ukungena embuzweni wezintengo: “Onjiniyela babeka amanani abawafunayo, futhi i-Apple ayinandima kulokho. Iningi lezinhlelo zokusebenza ku-App Store zimahhala, futhi i-Apple ayihlanganise lutho nazo. Onjiniyela banezinkundla ezimbalwa ezitholakalayo zokusabalalisa isoftware yabo,” U-Apple uthe ezivikela.
Ucabangani ngezinqubo ze-Apple? Ingabe ngempela bazama ukubamba i-monopoly?
Izinsiza: I-TheVerge, Ihlelo le-Mac, I-Business Insider
“Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ku-App Store zimahhala futhi i-Apple ayihlanganise lutho nazo. Onjiniyela banezinkundla ezimbalwa ezitholakalayo zokusabalalisa isoftware yabo"
… usho ziphi? I-AppStore futhi ....?