Ondrej Holzman E-United States ngesonto eledlule, i-Apple yahlaselwa esidlangalaleni futhi yavikelwa, okwakuyisibonelo esiyisibonelo kuxoxiswane nayo Ikomidi elincane leSenethi Elihlala Phansi Lophenyo lase-US, ongathandi ukuthi umdondoshiya waseCalifornia uthola ikhefu lentela. Iva elibi kwabanye abameli baseMelika inethiwekhi yezinkampani zase-Ireland, ngenxa yokuthi i-Apple ikhokha izintela ezicishe zibe ziro. Injani ngempela i-apula e-Ireland?
I-Apple yatshala izimpande zayo e-Ireland ekuqaleni kuka-1980. Uhulumeni wakhona wayefuna izindlela zokuthola imisebenzi eyengeziwe, futhi njengoba i-Apple yayithembise ukuyidala kwelinye lamazwe ampofu kakhulu eYurophu ngaleso sikhathi, yathola ikhefu lentela njengomvuzo. Kungakho ibisebenza lapha cishe ngaphandle kwentela kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-80.
E-Ireland futhi ikakhulukazi indawo yaseCork County, ukufika kwe-Apple kwakubalulekile. Izwe eliyisiqhingi lalibhekene nezinkinga futhi libhekene nezinkinga zezomnotho. Kwakuse-County Cork lapho izikhungo zemikhumbi zazivalwa futhi ulayini wokukhiqiza wakwaFord waphelela lapho. Ngo-1986, umuntu oyedwa kwabane wayengasebenzi, ama-Irish ayenenkinga yokuphuma kobuhlakani obusha, ngakho ukufika kuka-Apple kwakufanele kumemezele izinguquko ezinkulu. Ekuqaleni, konke kwaqala kancane, kodwa namuhla inkampani yaseCalifornia isivele iqashe abantu abayizinkulungwane ezine e-Ireland.
[su_pullquote align="right"]Eminyakeni yokuqala eyishumi singakhokhi intela e-Ireland, asizange sikhokhe lutho kuhulumeni wakhona.[/su_pullquote]
“Bekunekhefu lentela, yingakho siye e-Ireland,” kuvuma uDel Yocam, owayeyiphini likamongameli wezokukhiqiza ekuqaleni kwawo-80. "Lezi bekuyizivumelwano ezinkulu." “Eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala sasingakhokhi ntela e-Ireland, asizange sikhokhe lutho kuhulumeni wakhona,” kusho omunye owayeyisikhulu sezezimali sakwa-Apple, ocele ukungadalulwa. I-Apple ngokwayo yenqabile ukuphawula ngesimo esizungeze izintela ngeminyaka yawo-80.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-Apple yayikude nenkampani kuphela. Izintela eziphansi ziphinde zaheha ama-Irish kwezinye izinkampani ezigxile ekuthumeleni kwamanye amazwe. Phakathi kuka-1956 no-1980, beza e-Ireland benesibusiso futhi kwaze kwaba u-1990 babevame ukukhululwa ekukhokheni izintela. I-European Economic Community kuphela, eyandulela i-European Union, eyavimbela le mikhuba kubantu base-Ireland, ngakho kusukela ngo-1981 izinkampani ezafika kuleli kwadingeka zikhokhe intela. Kodwa-ke, izinga lalisephansi - lahamba cishe ngamaphesenti ayishumi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Apple ixoxisane ngemibandela engenakunqotshwa nohulumeni wase-Ireland ngisho nangemva kwalezi zinguquko.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, nokho, i-Apple yaba ngeyokuqala e-Ireland, yazinza lapha njengenkampani yokuqala yezobuchwepheshe ukumisa imboni yokukhiqiza e-Ireland, njengoba kukhunjulwa uJohn Sculley, isikhulu esiphezulu se-Apple kusukela ngo-1983 kuya ku-1993. USculley uphinde wavuma ukuthi enye yezinkampani izizathu zokuthi kungani i-Apple ikhethe i-Ireland ngenxa yoxhaso oluvela kuhulumeni wase-Ireland. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abantu base-Ireland banikela ngamanani amaholo aphansi kakhulu, okwakukhanga kakhulu enkampanini eqasha izinkulungwane zabantu ngomsebenzi ongafuneki kangako (ukufaka imishini kagesi).
Ikhompyutha ye-Apple II, amakhompyutha we-Mac neminye imikhiqizo yakhula kancane kancane e-Cork, konke okwabe sekuthengiswa eYurophu, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, e-Afrika nase-Asia. Kodwa-ke, ukukhululwa kwentela yase-Ireland kukodwa akuzange kunikeze i-Apple ithuba lokusebenza ngaphandle kwentela kulezi zimakethe. Okubaluleke kakhulu kunenqubo yokukhiqiza kwakuyimpahla yobuhlakani ngemuva kobuchwepheshe (i-Apple eyakhiqiza e-United States) kanye nokudayiswa kwangempela kwezimpahla, okwenzeka eFrance, eBrithani naseNdiya, kodwa alikho kulawa mazwe anikeze imibandela njenge I-Ireland. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kusetshenziswe intela ephezulu, i-Apple futhi kwadingeka ukuthi ikhulise inani lenzuzo elinganikezwa imisebenzi yase-Ireland.
Umsebenzi wokuklama lonke lolu hlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi wawuzonikezwa uMike Rashkin, umphathi wentela wokuqala wakwa-Apple, owafika enkampanini ngo-1980 evela ku-Digital Equipment Corp., okwakungenye yezinkampani zokuqala eziphayona embonini yamakhompyutha yaseMelika. Kulapha lapho u-Rashkin athola khona ulwazi lwezinhlaka zezinkampani zentela ezisebenza kahle, kamuva azisebenzisa e-Apple, futhi ngaleyo ndlela e-Ireland. U-Rashkin wenqabile ukuphawula ngaleli qiniso, nokho, ngokusobala ngosizo lwakhe, i-Apple yakha inethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi yezinkampani ezincane nezinkulu e-Ireland, phakathi kwazo idlulisela imali futhi isebenzisa izinzuzo lapho. Kuyo yonke inethiwekhi, izingxenye ezimbili ezibaluleke kakhulu - i-Apple Operations International kanye ne-Apple Sales International.
I-Apple Operations International (AOI)
I-Apple Operations International (AOI) iyinkampani eyinhloko ephethe i-Apple phesheya. Yasungulwa e-Cork ngo-1980 futhi inhloso yayo enkulu ukuhlanganisa imali evela emagatsheni amaningi angaphandle enkampani.
- I-Apple iphethe u-100% we-AOI, ngokuqondile noma ngezinkampani zangaphandle ezilawulayo.
- I-AOI inomnikazi wezinkampani ezingaphansi ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa i-Apple Operations Europe, i-Apple Distribution International kanye ne-Apple Singapore.
- I-AOI ibingenabo ubukhona ngokomzimba noma abasebenzi e-Ireland iminyaka engama-33. Inabaqondisi ababili nesikhulu esisodwa, bonke abavela kwa-Apple (oyedwa wase-Ireland, ababili abahlala eCalifornia).
- Engu-32 yemihlangano yebhodi engu-33 yabanjelwa eCupertino, hhayi eCork.
- I-AOI ayikhokhi izintela kunoma yiliphi izwe. Le nkampani ephethe ibike isamba semali engenayo engu-$2009 billion phakathi kuka-2012 no-30, kodwa ayizange ibanjelwe njengomhlali wentela kunoma yiliphi izwe.
- Imali engenayo ye-AOI ibalwe ku-2009% wenzuzo yomhlaba wonke ye-Apple kusukela ngo-2011 kuya ku-30.
Incazelo yokuthi kungani i-Apple noma i-AOI ingakhokhi izintela ilula. Nakuba inkampani yasungulwa e-Ireland, kodwa akazange abalwe njengomuntu ohlala intela noma kuphi. Yingakho engazange akhokhe ngisho isenti lentela kule minyaka emihlanu edlule. I-Apple ithole igebe kumthetho wase-Ireland nowase-US mayelana nokuhlala kwentela futhi kuye kwavela ukuthi uma i-AOI ifakwe e-Ireland kodwa iphathwe e-US, ngeke kudingeke akhokhe izintela kuhulumeni wase-Ireland, kodwa kanjalo nowaseMelika ngeke akhokhe, ngoba yasungulwa e-Ireland.
I-Apple Sales International (ASI)
I-Apple Sales International (ASI) iyigatsha lesibili lase-Ireland elisebenza njengendawo yokugcina impahla yawo wonke amalungelo obuhlakani bangaphandle bakwa-Apple.
- I-ASI ithenga imikhiqizo ye-Apple eqediwe emafekthri aseShayina anenkontileka (afana neFoxconn) futhi iyidayise kabusha ngophawu olubalulekile kwamanye amagatsha akwa-Apple eYurophu, Middle East, India nasePacific.
- Nakuba i-ASI iyigatsha lase-Ireland futhi ithenga izimpahla, amaphesenti amancane kuphela emikhiqizo afika emhlabathini wase-Ireland.
- Kusukela ngo-2012, i-ASI yayingenabasebenzi, nakuba ibike imali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-38 eminyakeni emithathu.
- Phakathi kuka-2009 no-2012, i-Apple yakwazi ukushintsha ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-74 wemali engenayo yomhlaba wonke evela e-United States ngokusebenzisa izivumelwano zokwabelana ngezindleko.
- Inkampani engumzali we-ASI yi-Apple Operations Europe, ephethe ngokuhlanganyela wonke amalungelo empahla yengqondo ahlobene nempahla ye-Apple ethengiswa phesheya.
- Njenge-AOI, futhi I-ASI ayibhalisiwe njengesakhamuzi sentela noma yikuphi, ngakho-ke ayikhokhi intela kunoma ubani. Emhlabeni jikelele, i-ASI ikhokha ubuncane bangempela ezintela, eminyakeni yamuva nje izinga lentela alikadluli ingxenye eyodwa kweshumi yephesenti elilodwa.
Sekukonke, ngo-2011 nango-2012 kuphela, i-Apple yagwema u-$12,5 billion ezintela.
Siyabonga ku-Apple ngokonga imali :)
Cishe bebengeke basuke egaraji baye enkampanini ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni ngokusebenzisa imali eningi ezintweni eziwumbudane :-)
Ubani ongakwazi, ongakwazi ;) Nokho, kusobala ukuthi lokhu kuyiva ekomitini elincane leSigele Sase-US. Umbuzo uthi ngabe kukhona abangabenzela kona. Noma bazoshintsha imithetho futhi u-Apple kuzomele aqale ukukhokha. Unemali eyanele noma kunjalo futhi ubengakwazi ukunakekela kancane.
Abakwazi ukufakazela lutho kubo, noma i-Apple ayiphuli umthetho. Isebenzisa lokho okubhalwe yilabo abashayamthetho abangakuthandi manje. Yonke inqubo manje kufanele ibe ngaphezulu kokuvula impikiswano mayelana nokuguqulwa kwentela e-States kunokuzama ukushushisa i-Apple. Futhi, akuyona nje i-Apple, ehola kakhulu njengamanje.
Nginayo imali eyanele, kodwa abanikazi bamasheya ngeke bayithande - phela i-EPS yabo izokwehla
Lolu lwazi seluvele ngolwesihlanu oludala, kuyangimangaza ukuthi umhlaba wonke uthole ngakho manje, phela zonke izinkampani ezinkulu ziyakwenza, ngisho noFacebook kanye nenkampani yabangane babo.
Yebo, sekuyisikhathi eside besebenzisa lesi simiso, kodwa iSenate yase-US yahileleka esikhathini esithile esidlule, futhi kubonakala sengathi isimo asisathandi. Yingakho kuyaxazululwa manje. Futhi ngishilo ukuthi ezinye izinkampani zenza namuhla futhi esihlokweni esandulele.
Ngeshwa, imithetho yase-US iyakweseka lokhu. Intela engu-35% emalini esivele ikhokhiswe intela ukuyiyengela ukuthi ibuyele e-US? Ihlaya elincane, kuyacaca ukuthi zonke izinkampani ezinkulu zizokweqa lokhu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, angenzi lutho olungekho emthethweni, ngakho-ke ngikuthola kuhlekisa ukuthi i-USA ikhala ngoba i-Ireland yayiyizwe elikhanga kakhulu i-Apple. Yilokho okufanele kwenziwe yiwo wonke amazwe - ukuheha abatshalizimali. Yilokho iphuzu.
Yebo, ngizochaza lokhu okuthunyelwe okungezansi;)